Phase-tracking demodulation reference and procedure for 5G and 6G

Non-transitory computer-readable media in a wireless receiver, the media containing instructions that when implemented in a computing environment cause a method to be performed, the method comprising:

• a) receiving a first copy of a wireless message and determining that the first copy is corrupted;
• b) receiving a second copy of the wireless message and determining that the second copy is not corrupted;
• c) comparing each message element of the first copy to a corresponding message element of the second copy, and determining, according to the comparing, which message element or message elements of the first copy are faulted;
• and
• d) for each faulted message element of the first copy, determining whether the faulted message element differs from the corresponding message element of the second copy in phase, or in amplitude, or in both phase and amplitude.

A wireless receiver configured to:

• a) receive one or more messages comprising message elements, the message elements modulated, by a transmitter, according to a first modulation scheme, wherein the first modulation scheme comprises amplitude modulation multiplexed with phase modulation, wherein the amplitude modulation comprises integer Namp predetermined amplitude levels, and wherein the phase modulation comprises integer Nphase predetermined phase levels;
• b) determine, for each message element, a sum-signal comprising a received waveform of the message element, wherein the sum-signal comprises a sum-signal amplitude and a sum-signal phase;
• c) determine a number or rate of amplitude faults and another number or rate of phase faults in the one or more messages;
• d) wherein an amplitude fault in a particular message element comprises a difference between the sum-signal amplitudes of corresponding message elements of a first version and a second version of the particular message element;
• and
• e) wherein a phase fault in a particular message element comprises a difference between the sum-signal phases of corresponding message elements of a first version and a second version of the particular message element.