Tubular concentrator for concentric radiation of electromagnetic waves

A tubular concentrator for concentric irradiation of electromagnetic waves with high efficiency, consisting of at least two concentric tubes with an emitter interposed between them, to treat or affect various materials whether they are liquid, powdery, solid wire or a slurry, a section:

• I that uses electromagnetic radiation as a means of energy transfer,
• II which mainly radiates electromagnetic energy in close range mode, in the wavelength fields comprehended between 100 nanometers (UV-C) and the millimeter (IR-C),
• III radiating towards materials flowing into system in a manner:
• close, concentric, perpendicular;
• IV or with the emitter of electromagnetic waves wrapped in contact with a tube which can have wall thickness of less than one millimeter;
• V which can also work under vacuum or pressure;
• VI which may be devoid of physical contact with the materials to be treated;
• which could be realized indiscriminately in a fixed, movable or portable form, machine comprises:
• I at least two concentric tubes (D and F) open at both ends;
• II of which one, the inner one (D), transparent to the concerned wavelengths, for example made of pure quartz (SiO2), so that the same waves are attenuated as little as possible from the walls of this tube (D) during the process of radiated electromagnetic energy transfer from the emitter to the material to be treated;
• III at least one electromagnetic wave generator;
• IV at least one emitter of electromagnetic waves (E) represented for example by a spiral of resistive wire or a sequence of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) of the desired frequencies, which surmounts, wrapping it, the outside of the inner concentric tube (D) and it emits radiation towards the inside of the tube (D) itself, from the outer tube (F), of the two concentric tubes, which will hold features and electromagnetic waves emitted by the emitter of electromagnetic waves contained inside the container, to concentrate the greatest possible amount of energy towards the center of the inner pipe in which flows the material to be treated (A), for ideal values of reflective functions, a physical coefficient of reflection which is tending to and near to unity, associated with the transmission and absorption coefficients which are close to zero, having regard to the concerned wavelengths, opaque quartz tubes engineered to reflect electromagnetic waves form;
• V within the said inner quartz tube (D) can slide various materials, of various nature and features as:
• thread-like solids, liquids, powders, slurries, which are irradiated by a concentric beam of electromagnetic waves generated by an emitter wrapped on the outer surface of the inner tube (D) with the aim of reducing to minimum possible distance between the emitter and the material to be treated, which passes inside the quartz tube and which ensures the maximum exploitation of Lambertian theories and Stefan-Boltzmann;
• VI for short distances between transmitter and receiver, that measures are ranging from near contact, or 50 micrometers and 30 millimeters, which are increased as appropriate to the powers involved, or if there are major powers issued, there will be a greater distance;
• a best remains a “near to contact” distance;
• VII the outer tube (F) which shows its primary concentric mode reflective function, essentially with a high electromagnetic reflection index in the concerned spectrum of frequencies and which has also, a high insulating power;
• for high insulating power are meant those materials which can offer a low thermal conductivity, less than 5 W/m K at 20° C., besides a high reflection, next to an index-1, combined with smaller or almost absent transmission and /or electromagnetic absorption.