Synthesis of bimetallic structures for use as catalysts

A process for forming a bimetallic nanoframe, comprising:

• forming a first bimetallic structure by reacting a first precursor and a second precursor, the first precursor comprising a metal (M1), the second precursor comprising a Group 8-11 metal (M2) selected from the group consisting of Ni, Fe, Co, Pd, Au, Ag, and combinations thereof, wherein M1 is platinum (Pt), and wherein M2 is free of Pt;
• reacting a third precursor comprising Pt with the first bimetallic structure at a temperature of about 80° C. to about 300° C. to form a second bimetallic structure, the second bimetallic structure having a higher molar ratio of Pt to Group 8-11 metal than that of the first bimetallic structure;
• and
• introducing the second bimetallic structure with an acid to form the bimetallic nanoframe, the acid comprising acetic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, perchloric acid, or combinations thereof, the bimetallic nanoframe having a higher molar ratio of Pt to Group 8-11 metal than that of the second bimetallic structure, the bimetallic nanoframe having the formula:
• (Pt)a(M2)b,
• wherein:
• a is the amount of Pt;
• b is the amount of M2;
• a molar ratio of a:b is from about 99:1 to about 25:75.

A process for forming a bimetallic nanoframe, comprising:

• forming a first bimetallic structure by reacting a first precursor and a second precursor, the first precursor comprising a metal (M1), the second precursor comprising a Group 8-11 metal (M2) selected from the group consisting of Ni, Fe, Co, Pd, Au, Ag, and combinations thereof, wherein M1 is platinum (Pt), and wherein M2 is free of Pt;
• reacting a third precursor comprising Pt with the first bimetallic structure at a temperature of about 80° C. to about 300° C. to form a second bimetallic structure, the second bimetallic structure having a higher molar ratio of Pt to Group 8-11 metal than that of the first bimetallic structure;
• and
• introducing the second bimetallic structure with an acid and mixing the resultant mixture at a temperature of about 10° C. to about 60° C. to form the bimetallic nanoframe, the bimetallic nanoframe having a higher molar ratio of Pt to Group 8-11 metal than that of the second bimetallic structure, the bimetallic nanoframe having the formula:
• (Pt)a(M2)b,
• wherein:
• a is the amount of Pt;
• b is the amount of M2;
• a molar ratio of a:b is from about 99:1 to about 25:75.