Difluoromethoxylation and trifluoromethoxylation compositions and methods for synthesizing same

A compound having the structure:

• Y1 is N or C—X1, Y2 is N or C—X2, Y3 is N or C—X3, Y4 is N or C—X4 and Y6 is N or C—X6,
• wherein X1, X2, X3, X4, and X6 are each, independently, —H, halogen, —CF3, —NO2, —SO2Me, —CN, —OCF3, —OCF2H, -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(aryl), -(heteroaryl), —C(O)—R1, —C(O)—OR1, —C(O)—SR1, —OR1, —SR1, —NR1R2, or —C(O)—NR1R2,
• wherein R1 and R2 are each, independently, —H, -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(aryl), -(heteroaryl), —C(O)—R3, —C(O)—OR3, —C(O)—NR4R5, —C(O)—SR3, —C(S)—R3, —C(S)—OR3, —C(S)—NR4R5, —C(S)—SR3, —C(NR5)—R3, —C(NR5)—OR3, —C(NR6)—NR4R5 or —C(NR6)—SR3,
• wherein R3, R4, R5 and R6 are each, independently, —H, -(alkyl), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(aryl) or -(heteroaryl);
• Y5 is N or N+—X5,
• wherein X5 is —H, -alkyl, —C(O)-alkyl, —C(O)-aryl, —C(O)—heteroaryl, —C(O)—O-alkyl or —C(O)—O-aryl;
• X7 is CF3, CF2H, CFH2, perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl;
• and
• Z is OTf, BF4, B(aryl)4, SbF6, PF6, halogen, —OS(O)2OR7, —OS(O)2—R7, ClO4 or —OP(O)(OR8)(OR9), wherein R7, R8, and R9 are each, independently, —H, -(alkyl), -(aryl), -(heteroaryl);
• wherein when Y6 is N, then Y5 is N+—X5 and Z− is present, or wherein
• when Y6 is C—X6, then Y5 is N and Z− is absent.