Constant-torque intraosseous access devices and methods thereof

An intraosseous access device, comprising:

• a constant-torque spring assembly disposed in a housing, the constant-torque spring assembly including a metal ribbon reversely wound onto an output spool configured to wind onto a storage spool with a constant torque in an active state of the intraosseous access device;
• a drive shaft extending from the housing, the drive shaft slideably disposed in an axial channel of the output spool such that force applied to a distal-end portion of the drive shaft simultaneously compresses a compression spring and inserts the drive shaft deeper into the axial channel, thereby disengaging a set of drive-shaft teeth around the drive shaft from an opposing set of housing teeth around an aperture of the housing from which the drive shaft extends and initiating the active state of the intraosseous access device;
• and
• an intraosseous needle coupled to the distal-end portion of the drive shaft configured to rotate in the active state of the intraosseous access device and provide intraosseous access to a medullary cavity of a patient by way of drilling with the intraosseous needle.

An intraosseous access device, comprising:

• a constant-torque spring assembly disposed in a housing, the constant-torque spring assembly comprising a metal ribbon reversely wound onto an output spool, the metal ribbon configured to wind onto a storage spool with a constant torque when the output spool is released;
• a drive shaft extending from the housing, the drive shaft coupled to the constant-torque spring assembly, wherein the housing includes a set of housing teeth around an aperture of the housing from which the drive shaft extends and the drive shaft includes a set of complementary drive-shaft teeth around the drive shaft opposing the set of housing teeth, the set of housing teeth and the set of drive-shaft teeth engaged in an inactive state of the intraosseous access device by a compression spring between a back side of the set of drive-shaft teeth and the output spool;
• and
• an intraosseous needle coupled to the drive shaft configured to provide intraosseous access to a medullary cavity of a patient, wherein the drive shaft is slideably disposed in an axial channel of the output spool such that force applied to a distal end of the intraosseous needle simultaneously compresses the compression spring and inserts the drive shaft deeper into the axial channel, thereby disengaging the set of drive-shaft teeth from the set of housing teeth and initiating an active state of the intraosseous access device in which rotation of the intraosseous needle is effectuated by the output spool of the constant-torque spring assembly on the drive shaft.