Seismic data acquisition for velocity modeling and imaging

A method of seismic data acquisition comprising:

• navigating a first propulsion source along a first nominal survey path in a survey area, wherein:
• a first streamer spread and a first seismic source are coupled to the first propulsion source, and
• the first seismic source comprises an air gun;
• navigating a second propulsion source along a second nominal survey path in the survey area, wherein:
• a second seismic source is coupled to the second propulsion source, and
• the second seismic source comprises an air gun,
• a first sail line of the first nominal survey path is orthogonal to a second sail line of the second nominal survey path, and
• a second streamer spread is coupled to the second propulsion source;
• while navigating the first propulsion source and the second propulsion source, activating at least one of the first seismic source and the second seismic source;
• and
• acquiring data with a first plurality of receivers on the first streamer spread and with a plurality of ocean bottom receivers distributed throughout the survey area.

A method comprising:

• navigating a first propulsion source along a first sail line in a survey area;
• acquiring a first dataset with a first plurality of streamer receivers on a first streamer spread responding to activations of a first seismic source, wherein the first streamer spread and the first seismic source are both coupled to the first propulsion source;
• while navigating the first propulsion source, navigating a second propulsion source along a second sail line in the survey area, wherein the first sail line is orthogonal to the second sail line;
• acquiring a second dataset with a second plurality of streamer receivers on a second streamer spread responding to activations of a second seismic source, wherein the second streamer spread and the second seismic source are both coupled to the second propulsion source;
• acquiring a third dataset with the first plurality of streamer receivers responding to activations of at least one of:
• the second seismic source;
• a third seismic source coupled to a third propulsion source;
• and
• a fourth seismic source coupled to a fourth propulsion source;
• acquiring a fourth dataset with the second plurality of streamer receivers responding to activations of at least one of:
• the first seismic source;
• the third seismic source;
• and
• the fourth seismic source;
• and
• acquiring a fifth dataset with a plurality of ocean bottom receivers responding to activations of at least one of:
• the first seismic source;
• the second seismic source;
• the third seismic source;
• and
• the fourth seismic source.

A method comprising:

• navigating a first propulsion source along a first sail line in a survey area;
• acquiring a first dataset with a first plurality of streamer receivers on a first streamer spread responding to activations of a first seismic source, wherein the first streamer spread and the first seismic source are both coupled to the first propulsion source;
• while navigating the first propulsion source, navigating a second propulsion source along a second sail line in the survey area, wherein the first sail line is orthogonal to the second sail line;
• while acquiring the first dataset, acquiring a second dataset with a second plurality of streamer receivers on a second streamer spread responding to activations of the first seismic source, wherein the second streamer spread is coupled to the second propulsion source;
• and
• while acquiring the first dataset and the second dataset, acquiring a third dataset with a plurality of ocean bottom receivers responding to activations of the first seismic source.