Storage device and system of controlling operation through flow control monitoring

A storage device commented to a host device through a peripheral component interconnect express (PCIe) link according to PCIe standards, comprising:

• a nonvolatile memory device configured to store data;
• and
• a storage controller configured to control the nonvolatile memory device,
• the storage controller including:
• a transmission buffer configured to store pending transaction layer packets to be transferred to the host device;
• a transmission flow controller configured to control a flow of transaction layer packets to be transferred to the host device based on flow control packets received from the host device;
• and
• a dynamic frequency controller configured to control a frequency of an internal clock signal of the storage controller by monitoring a state of the transmission buffer and a state of the transmission flow controller.

A system comprising:

• a first device and a second device that are connected through a peripheral component interconnect express (PCIe) link according to PCIe standards,
• each of the first device and the second device including:
• a reception buffer configured to receive and store transaction layer packets that are transferred through the PCIe link;
• a reception flow controller configured to generate flow control packets by monitoring an occupation state of the reception buffer;
• a transmission buffer configured to store pending transaction layer packets to be transferred through the PCIe link;
• a transmission flow controller configured to control a flow of transaction layer packets transferred through the PCIe link based on the flow control packets received through the PCIe link;
• and
• a dynamic frequency controller configured to control a frequency of an internal clock signal of each of the first device and second device by monitoring a state of the transmission buffer and a state of the transmission flow controller.