# US 11,733,532 B2 · Near-eye display system > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,733,532 B2 - Document ID: US11733532B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/092,281 - Filed: 2022-12-31 - Published: 2023-05-11 - Granted: 2023-08-22 - Earliest claimed: 2021-06-07 - Assignees: Panamorph, Inc. - Applicants: Panamorph, Inc. - Inventors: Shawn L. Kelly - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11733532B2 ## CPC - G02B 27/0179: {Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed} - G02B 6/0055: {Reflecting element, sheet or layer} - G02B 17/0856: {comprising a refractive element with a reflective surface, the reflection taking place inside the element, e.g. Mangin mirrors} - G02B 17/086: {wherein the system is made of a single block of optical material, e.g. solid catadioptric systems} - G02B 17/0896: {with variable magnification or multiple imaging planes, including multispectral systems (systems with only refractive elements G02B15/14)} - G02B 26/10: Scanning systems - G02B 26/105: {with one or more pivoting mirrors or galvano-mirrors (G02B26/101 takes precedence)} - G02B 27/0093: {with means for monitoring data relating to the user, e.g. head-tracking, eye-tracking} - G02B 27/0172: {characterised by optical features} - G06F 3/013: {Eye tracking input arrangements (G06F3/015 takes precedence)} - G09G 3/002: {to project the image of a two-dimensional display, such as an array of light emitting or modulating elements or a CRT} - H04N 23/20: for generating image signals from infrared radiation only - H04N 23/56: provided with illuminating means - G02B 2027/0125: {Field-of-view increase by wavefront division} - G02B 2027/0138: {comprising image capture systems, e.g. camera} - G02B 2027/0187: {slaved to motion of at least a part of the body of the user, e.g. head, eye} - G09G 3/02: by tracing or scanning a light beam on a screen - G09G 2330/021: Power management, e.g. power saving - G09G 2354/00: Aspects of interface with display user - H10W 90/00: Package configurations - G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS - G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N) - G09G: ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION (arrangements for transferring data between digital computers and displays G06F3/14; static indicating arrangements comprising an association of a number of separate sources or light control cells G09F9/00; static indicating arrangements comprising integral associations of a number of light sources H01J, H01K, H10H, H05B33/12; scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission, details thereof H04N1/00) - H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION - H10W: GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10 ## Abstract An optical subsystem of a near-eye display system provides for projecting light of a virtual image of image content to an eye location, and provides for collecting light of the virtual image onto an exit pupil on a surface proximate to an outer surface of an eye when at the eye location. A subpupil modulator within an aperture in cooperation with the optical subsystem provides for forming a plurality of subpupils within the exit pupil, at least two of which overlap by at least 20 percent, and provides for less than all of the light of the virtual image associated with one or more less than all of the plurality of subpupils to be projected to the eye location. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A near-eye display system, comprising: a. an optical subsystem comprising a magnifier, wherein said optical subsystem provides for projecting light of a virtual image of image content to an eye location, and said optical subsystem provides for collecting said light of said virtual image propagating from an aperture of said optical subsystem onto an exit pupil on a surface proximate to an outer surface of an eye when said eye is at said eye location; and b. a subpupil modulator within said aperture, wherein said subpupil modulator in cooperation with said optical subsystem provides for forming a plurality of subpupils within said exit pupil, at least two of said plurality of subpupils overlap one another by at least 20 percent within said exit pupil, and said subpupil modulator in cooperation with said optical subsystem provides for projecting to said eye location a portion less than all of said light of said virtual image associated with one or more less than all of said plurality of subpupils. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) A near-eye display system as recited in claim 1, wherein said light of said virtual image is generated by a controllable light source of said subpupil modulator, said controllable light source of said subpupil modulator provides for separately and controllably illuminating or not illuminating each subpupil of said plurality of subpupils, said virtual image is generated by a flat-panel two-dimensional image-display modulation array of light-modulating image-display pixels of said image-display modulator that is illuminated by said controllable light source, wherein said controllable light source comprises a curved light-redirecting surface in cooperation with a modulated scanned beam of light, said exit pupil is formed by said second dioptric-power optical element, and said exit pupil is curved, wherein said optical subsystem comprises: a. a first dioptric-power optical element located between a first side of said flat-panel two-dimensional image-display modulation array of light-modulating image-display pixels and said controllable light source, wherein said first dioptric-power optical element is located substantially one focal length from said controllable light source; and b. a second dioptric-power optical element located between said flat-panel two-dimensional image-display modulation array and said exit pupil, wherein said second dioptric-power optical element is located substantially one focal length from each of a second side of said flat-panel two-dimensional image-display modulation array and said exit pupil, and said first and second sides of said flat-panel two-dimensional image-display modulation array oppose one another; further comprising: c. a light-beam source, wherein said light-beam source provides for generating said beam of light, and provides for modulating an intensity thereof responsive to an intensity modulation signal; d. a light-beam-directing element, wherein said light-beam-directing element provides for directing said beam of light onto said curved light-redirecting surface at a location thereon responsive to an angular orientation of said light-beam-directing element; and e. a light-beam scanner, wherein said light-beam scanner provides for controlling said angular orientation of said light-beam-directing element, and said light-beam scanner and said light-beam source are controlled over time responsive to a signal from a subpupil modulation controller so as to provide for generating said modulated scanned beam of light, and so as to provide for scanning said modulated scanned beam of light over a region of said curved light-redirecting surface so as to form a corresponding at least one subpupil of said plurality of subpupils. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) A near-eye display system as recited in claim 1, wherein said light of said virtual image is generated by a controllable light source of said subpupil modulator, said controllable light source of said subpupil modulator provides for separately and controllably illuminating or not illuminating each subpupil of said plurality of subpupils, said virtual image is generated by a flat-panel two-dimensional image-display modulation array of light-modulating image-display pixels that is illuminated by said controllable light source, and said optical subsystem comprises a catadioptric magnifier located between said flat-panel two-dimensional image-display modulation array and said exit pupil, wherein said catadioptric magnifier provides for collecting said light of said virtual image propagating from said subpupil modulator onto said surface of said exit pupil, wherein said controllable light source comprises a flat-panel two-dimensional light source array of light-emitters. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) A near-eye display system as recited in claim 1, wherein said controllable light source comprises a waveguide projector. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) A near-eye display system as recited in claim 1, wherein said plurality of subpupils are formed on a curved surface. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) A near-eye display system as recited in claim 1, wherein said one or more less than all of said plurality of subpupils comprises two or more less than all of said plurality of subpupils. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) A near-eye display system as recited in claim 1, wherein said subpupil modulator provides for individually and independently controlling an intensity of said light associated with each activated subpupil of said plurality of subpupils to a level less than a maximum level of intensity. ### Claim 8 A method of projecting an image with a near-eye display system, comprising: a. projecting light of a virtual image of image content to an eye location; b. collecting said light of said virtual image propagating from an aperture of an optical subsystem onto an exit pupil on a surface proximate to an outer surface of an eye when said eye is at said eye location; c. providing for forming a plurality of subpupils within said exit pupil, wherein at least two of said plurality of subpupils overlap one another by at least 20 percent within said exit pupil; and d. projecting to said eye location a portion less than all of said light of said virtual image associated with one or more less than all of said plurality of subpupils. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) A method of projecting an image with a near-eye display system as recited in claim 8, further comprising: a. generating said light of said virtual image with a source of light, and b. illuminating a two-dimensional image-display modulation array with said light from said source of light and modulating said light with said two-dimensional image-display modulation array so as to provide for generating said virtual image, wherein said source of light comprises a plurality of light-source-emission locations, each light-source-emission location of said plurality of light-source-emission locations is associated with a corresponding subpupil of said plurality of subpupils, and said source of light associated with each light-source-emission location of said plurality of light-source-emission locations is independently controllable so as to provide for controlling said light associated with each said corresponding subpupil. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) A method of projecting an image with a near-eye display system as recited in claim 9, further comprising controlling an intensity of said light emitted from at least one light-source-emission location of said plurality of light-source-emission locations to be different from an intensity of said light emitted from at least one other light-source-emission location of said plurality of light-source-emission locations. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) A method of projecting an image with a near-eye display system as recited in claim 9, further comprising imaging said light from said two-dimensional image-display modulation array with at least one magnifier lens so as to generate said virtual image, wherein the operation of projecting said light of said virtual image to said eye location, and the operation of collecting said light of said virtual image propagating from said aperture of said optical subsystem onto said exit pupil, each comprise reflecting said light from at least one reflective surface located between said source of light and said exit pupil, further comprising passing said light of said virtual image at least three times through at least one surface of said at least one magnifier lens. ### Claim 12 (depends on 9) A method of projecting an image with a near-eye display system as recited in claim 9, further comprising adjusting a focal length of a varifocal lens located between said source of light and said two-dimensional image-display modulation array. ### Claim 13 (depends on 9) A method of projecting an image with a near-eye display system as recited in claim 9, wherein said source of light comprises a plurality of light emitters, said light from each light emitter of said plurality of light emitters illuminates an entirety of said two-dimensional image-display modulation array, and each said light emitter of said plurality of light emitters provides for illuminating said corresponding subpupil of said plurality of subpupils, further comprising for each light emitter of said plurality of light emitters, individually controlling an intensity of said light emitted by said light emitter. ### Claim 14 (depends on 9) A method of projecting an image with a near-eye display system as recited in claim 9, wherein said source of light comprises a plurality of light emitters, said light from each light emitter of said plurality of light emitters illuminates an entirety of said two-dimensional image-display modulation array, and each said light emitter of said plurality of light emitters provides for illuminating said corresponding subpupil of said plurality of subpupils, further comprising using a waveguide projector to generate said light with said plurality of light emitters. ### Claim 15 (depends on 8) A method of projecting an image with a near-eye display system as recited in claim 8, further comprising: a. tracking at least one eye-pupil measure selected from the group consisting of a location of an eye pupil of said eye and a lateral extent of said eye pupil of said eye, when said eye is located at said eye location; and b. controlling said source of light responsive to the operation of tracking said at least one eye-pupil measure, so as to provide for activating a subset less than all of said plurality of subpupils associated with an Active Subpupil Region associated with said eye pupil, and so as to provide for deactivating a remainder of said plurality of subpupils. ### Claim 16 (depends on 8) A method of projecting an image with a near-eye display system as recited in claim 8, wherein said one or more less than all of said plurality of subpupils comprises two or more less than all of said plurality of subpupils. ### Claim 17 (depends on 8) A method of projecting an image with a near-eye display system as recited in claim 8, further comprising controlling an intensity of said light associated with at least one subpupil of said plurality of subpupils to be different from an intensity of said light associated with at least one other subpupil of said plurality of subpupils, wherein the operation of controlling said intensity is responsive to a condition of an eye pupil of said eye when said eye is at said eye location.