Method for secondary authentication

A computing device comprising:

• at least one processor configured to:
• receive a request from a client, the request being to perform an action to access at least one file, and including a first computed value indicative of one or more previous actions on files;
• compare the first computed value to a second computed value maintained by the computing device independently from the first computed value, the second computed value indicative of the one or more previous actions on the files;
• and
• perform secondary authentication in addition to primary authentication for the client, responsive to an indication of trustworthiness of the client or the at least one file according to the comparison of the first computed value to the second computed value.

A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to:

• receive a request from a client, the request being to perform an action to access at least one file, and including a first computed value indicative of one or more previous actions on files;
• compare the first computed value to a second computed value maintained by a computing device independently from the first computed value, the second computed value indicative of the one or more previous actions on the files;
• and
• perform secondary authentication in addition to primary authentication for the client, responsive to an indication of trustworthiness of the client or the at least one file according to the comparison of the first computed value to the second computed value.