Tracing timestamps through immutable records

A method comprising:

• receiving, by an auditor executed by processing circuitry from a requesting computing device, a request to audit a timestamp, the request including a timestamp to be audited and an identifier of a timing device producing the timestamp to be audited;
• retrieving, by the auditor from an immutable ledger stored on a computer-readable medium, the immutable ledger storing a plurality of timestamp records collected over time, a timestamp record of the plurality of timestamp records based on a collection timestamp indicating a collection time of the timestamp record that is closest to the timestamp to be audited, the plurality of timestamp records including at least one timestamp entry for a second timing device having a greater accuracy than the timing device producing the timestamp to be audited;
• validating, by the auditor, the timestamp to be audited based on timestamp entries of the retrieved timestamp record;
• and
• outputting an indication whether the timestamp to be audited is valid or invalid based on the validating.

A system comprising:

• a plurality of timing devices;
• a time collector comprising processing circuitry configured to obtain, from each timing device of the plurality of timing devices a timestamp and a timing device ID;
• and
• an aggregator comprising processing circuitry configured to:
• generate a timestamp record, the timestamp record including a collection timestamp indicating a collection time at which the time collector obtained the timestamps from the plurality of timing devices, and a timestamp entry for each of the plurality of timing devices, each timestamp entry including the timing device ID and the timestamp of the corresponding timing device of the plurality of timing devices, wherein each timestamp entry is for a different timing device of the plurality of timing devices, and insert the timestamp record into an immutable ledger to enable retrieval of the timestamp record based on the collection time.