Imaging apparatus and image sensor including the same

An imaging apparatus comprising:

• a first optical device configured to transmit light
• a second optical device configured to transmit the light transmitted through the first optical device that is incident on the second optical device;
• and
• a third optical device disposed such that the light transmitted through the second optical device is incident on the third optical device,
• wherein at least one of the first optical device, the second optical device, and the third optical device comprises a plurality of nanostructures, and heights of at least two nanostructures of the plurality of nanostructures are different from each other,
• wherein the plurality of nanostructures are disposed in a multilayer structure,
• wherein the multilayer structure comprises a first layer and a second layer, and the plurality of nanostructures comprise a plurality of lower nanostructures included in the first layer and a plurality of upper nanostructures included in the second layer,
• wherein a shape distribution of the plurality of lower nanostructures and a shape distribution of the plurality of upper nanostructures are determined such that a performance index for each location of the imaging apparatus is different from all other performance indices of all other locations of the imaging apparatus,
• wherein the shape distribution comprises a shape, a width, a height, and an arrangement of each of the plurality of nanostructures, and
• wherein the shape distribution of the plurality of lower nanostructures and the shape distribution of the plurality of upper nanostructures are determined such that non-uniformity of focusing performances for locations of the imaging apparatus compensate each other.

An image system comprising:

• at least one imaging apparatus;
• and
• at least one light measurer corresponding, respectively, to each imaging apparatus of the at least one imaging apparatus, each light measurer of the at least one light measurer being configured to measure light incident on an image plane of a corresponding imaging apparatus of the at least one imaging apparatus,
• wherein the at least one imaging apparatus comprises a first optical device configured to transmit light, a second optical device configured to transmit the light transmitted through the first optical device that is incident on the second optical device, and a third optical device disposed such that the light transmitted through the second optical device is incident on the third optical device,
• wherein at least one of the first optical device, the second optical device, and the third optical device comprises a plurality of nanostructures, and at least two nanostructures of the plurality of nanostructures have heights that are different from each other,
• wherein the first optical device is a refractive optical lens, and each of the second optical device and the third optical device is a thin lens comprising the plurality of nanostructures, and
• wherein the plurality of nanostructures of the second optical device and the plurality of nanostructures of the third optical device are configured to offset a chromatic aberration of the second optical device and a chromatic aberration of the third optical device with each other.

An image system comprising:

• at least one imaging apparatus;
• and
• at least one light measurer corresponding, respectively, to each imaging apparatus of the at least one imaging apparatus, each light measurer of the at least one light measurer being configured to measure light incident on an image plane of a corresponding imaging apparatus of the at least one imaging apparatus,
• wherein the at least one imaging apparatus comprises a first optical device configured to transmit light, a second optical device configured to transmit the light transmitted through the first optical device that is incident on the second optical device, and a third optical device disposed such that the light transmitted through the second optical device is incident on the third optical device,
• wherein at least one of the first optical device, the second optical device, and the third optical device comprises a plurality of nanostructures, and at least two nanostructures of the plurality of nanostructures have heights that are different from each other,
• wherein the plurality of nanostructures are disposed in a multilayer structure,
• wherein the multilayer structure comprises a first layer and a second layer,
• wherein the plurality of nanostructures comprise a plurality of lower nanostructures included in the first layer and a plurality of upper nanostructures included in the second layer,
• wherein a shape distribution of the plurality of lower nanostructures and a shape distribution of the plurality of upper nanostructures are determined such that a performance index for each location of the imaging apparatus is different from all other performance indices of all other locations of the imaging apparatus,
• wherein the shape distribution comprises a shape, a width, a height, and an arrangement of each of the plurality of nanostructures, and
• wherein the shape distribution of the plurality of lower nanostructures and the shape distribution of the plurality of upper nanostructures are determined such that non-uniformity of focusing performances for locations of the at least one imaging apparatus compensate each other.