Treatment of cancer

A method of treating cancer in a Human Leukocyte Antigen A2 (HLA-A2) positive patient comprising administering, to a HLA-A2 positive patient having already been treated as a last treatment with a first immune checkpoint inhibitor alone or in combination with another cancer therapy and has cancer progression after the last treatment,

• a peptide composition comprising aKXVAAWTLKAAa (SEQ ID NO:
• 10, with X and a, respectively, indicating cyclohexylalanine and d-alanine) and at least 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 peptides selected from the group consisting of RLLQETELV (SEQ ID NO:
• 1), YLQLVFGIEV (SEQ ID NO:
• 2), LLTFWNPPV (SEQ ID NO:
• 3), KVFGSLAFV (SEQ ID NO:
• 4), KLBPVQLWV (SEQ ID NO:
• 5, with B indicating α-aminoisobutyric acid), SMPPPGTRV (SEQ ID NO:
• 6), IMIGHLVGV (SEQ ID NO:
• 7), KVAEIVHFL (SEQ ID NO:
• 8), and YLSGADLNL (SEQ ID NO:
• 9) and
• a second immune checkpoint inhibitor to the patient, wherein said patient has cancer progression after administration of the peptide composition.

A method of treating cancer in an HLA-A2 positive patient, wherein the patient received an immune checkpoint inhibitor as a last treatment, alone or in combination with another cancer therapy, the method comprising

• a) administering a therapeutically effective amount of a peptide composition comprising the peptide aKXVAAWTLKAAa (SEQ ID NO:
• 10, with X and a respectively indicating cyclohexylalanine and d-alanine) and at least 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 peptides selected from the group consisting of RLLQETELV (SEQ ID NO:
• 1), YLQLVFGIEV (SEQ ID NO:
• 2), LLTFWNPPV (SEQ ID NO:
• 3), KVFGSLAFV (SEQ ID NO:
• 4), KLBPVQLWV (SEQ ID NO:
• 5, with B indicating α-aminoisobutyric acid), SMPPPGTRV (SEQ ID NO:
• 6), IMIGHLVGV (SEQ ID NO:
• 7), KVAEIVHFL (SEQ ID NO:
• 8), and YLSGADLNL (SEQ ID NO:
• 9);
• b) administering a therapeutically effective amount of an immune checkpoint inhibitor when a cancer progression occurs with the treatment with the peptide composition;
• and
• c) optionally administering a therapeutically effective amount of a peptide composition as defined herein;
• wherein steps a), b) and c) are sequential and wherein steps b) and c) can be repeated as long as the patient has a therapeutic benefit from the sequential treatment.