Quick-response voltage control method of distribution system considering multiple participants

A method of controlling voltages of power distribution networks (DNs) considering multiple agents, comprising:

• a multiple agent system (MAS), which collects local information of the power distribution networks controlled by each agent of the multiple agents and interacts with the local information collected by each agent, so that voltage-power sensitivity of the power distribution networks, used for providing the theoretical basis for voltage regulation, is calculated by distributed calculation, wherein the local information comprises Voltage Vn of Node n, injected active power Pn and injected reactive power Qn of Node n, active power Pto.n and reactive power Qto,n of Node n flow from the upstream branch, and the branch resistances Rn and reactance Xn between Node n−1 and Node n;
• and
• the multiple agents, which establish incentive mechanism by distribution system operators (DSOs) based on bidding game with imperfect information, and independently decide their own strategies to obtain the voltage regulation subsidy from the DSOs, according to the calculated voltage-power sensitivities, thus providing voltage support for the power distribution networks in the process of pursuing benefit maximization;
• wherein the multiple agents comprise microgrids (MGs) and each of the MGs comprising distributed generation (DG) units, loads, energy storage systems, and monitoring systems;
• the method of controlling voltages of DNs comprises the following steps:
• 1) Collecting local information of the power distribution networks by each agent;
• 2) calculating the voltage-power sensitivities of the radial DN by MAS;
• 3) establish the incentive mechanism by the DSO;
• 4) establish strategies by the MGs based on bidding games with imperfect information;
• wherein the Step 4) includes:
• for MGi, when a voltage excursion occurs, the MAS obtains the voltage-power sensitivity required in the current-voltage regulation process, and sends the voltage-power sensitivity, the nodes with voltage violation and their voltage magnitudes to the MG Agents at all MGs participating in the current-voltage regulation;
• then, all agents of the MG carry out game bidding:
• firstly, the i-th MG agent determines the current cost function, and according to the voltage-power sensitivity, the nodes with voltage violation and their voltage magnitudes to maximize its interests, the objective function is:
• Max{πMGi(ΔPMGi)−CMGi(ΔPMGi)} (12)
• wherein πMGi(ΔPMGi) and CMGi (ΔPMGi) denote the reward and cost of MGi in the voltage regulation process respectively;
• the MGi agent makes a decision ΔPMGi and reports it to all agents of MG;
• then according to the strategies of other MG agents, the MGi agent updates its own strategy using the relaxation algorithm and makes the decision and reports it to all agents of MG again;
• all the MG Agents repeat the process of game bidding of the i-th MG agent until all the MG agents no longer change their strategies;
• therefore, the power distribution networks run at the Nash equilibrium point ΔP*MG=(ΔP*MG1, ΔP*MG2, . . . , ΔP*MGn) of this game bidding, for MGi, the calculation formulas are as follows:
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• wherein RMGi (ΔP*MG1, ΔP*MG2, . . . , ΔPMGi, . . . , ΔP*MGn) is the final revenue function of the i-th MG.