Metal-oxide semiconductor evaporation source equipped with variable temperature control module

A metal-oxide electron-beam evaporation source including a variable temperature control device, the metal-oxide electron-beam evaporation source comprising:

• a crucible configured to store a deposition material which is formed of a metal oxide and over which an electron beam is directly scanned;
• N heating units provided in an outer portion of the crucible, dividing the crucible into N regions, and provided for the N regions, respectively;
• wherein the N heating units include a first heating unit that is provided on an upper side of the outer portion of the crucible and heats a first region;
• a second heating unit that is provided on a lower side of the outer portion of the crucible and heats a second region;
• and
• a third heating unit that is provided in a lower surface of the crucible and heats a third region;
• an examination unit configured to measure a changing shape of the deposition material formed of the metal oxide when the electron beam is scanned,
• a control unit communicating with the N heating units and the examination unit such that the examination unit communicates measured shape change to the control unit, the control unit being configured to control the N heating units based on the measured shape changes so that a temperature of an upper region of the crucible is maintained to be higher than that of a lower region of the crucible to reduce a temperature difference between a region over which the electron beam is scanned and a region over which the electron beam is not scanned, and controls the N heating units so that a temperature difference between the respective N regions is equal to or below a set temperature to reduce thermal stress of the deposition material and prevent a crack from being generated by a large temperature difference between the region over which the electron beam is scanned and the region over which the electron beam is not scanned,
• wherein the control unit is configured to control the temperature of the first heating unit to A ° C., control the temperature of the second heating unit to B ° C., control the temperature of the third heating unit to C ° C. and, control the N heating units so that a temperature difference between A ° C., B ° C. and C ° C. is equal to or below the set temperature,
• wherein when the measured shape of the deposition material formed of the metal oxide changes so that the deposition material is on a level below the first heating unit, the control unit turns off the first heating unit, controls the temperature of the second heating unit to A ° C., and control the temperature of the third heating unit to B ° C.,
• wherein when the measured shape of the deposition material formed of the metal oxide changes so that the deposition material is on a level below the second heating unit, the control unit turns off the first heating unit, turns off the temperature of the second heating unit, and controls the temperature of the third heating unit to A ° C.