Multi-layered radio-isotope for enhanced photoelectron avalanche process

An energy conversion system, comprising:

• a radioisotope core;
• a plurality of radioisotope source layers configured to emit beta particles and/or photons,
• wherein the radioisotope source layers have a thickness from about 3 mm to about 5 mm,
• wherein the radioisotope core and the layered radioisotope sources layers comprise Cobalt-60, Sodium-22, or Cesium-137;
• a nuclear thermionic avalanche cell (NTAC) comprising a plurality of NTAC layers integrated with the radioisotope core wrapped around by a thin emitter layer and the radioisotope source layers attached with thin emitter layers on both sides and those emitter layers are configured to receive the beta particles and the photons from radioisotope core and the radioisotope source layers and by the received beta particles and photons free up electrons in an avalanche process from deep and intra bands of an atom of emitter material to generate electric power output through a photo-ionic or thermionic process of the freed up electrons, and thermal energy created by electron scattering is conducted out through the metal structures of NTAC layers such as emitter and collector layers and also radiatively transmitted through the vacuum gaps outwards and captured by a thermoelectric generator;
• wherein both sides of each radioisotope source layers are attached with the emitter layer;
• and all radioisotope source layers attached with the emitter layers on both sides surround the radioisotope core which is also wrapped around by a thin emitter layer;
• wherein the NTAC layers comprise a nanostructured surface of a high Z material;
• and
• a thermoelectric generator configured to receive the thermal energy, wherein the radiative thermal energy is conducted axially and radially, and output thermoelectric power;
• and
• wherein the thermoelectric generator surrounds the NTAC layers, the radioisotope core, and the radioisotope source layers.