Contrast-amplifying carriers using a two-dimensional material

A contrast-amplifying carrier for observing a sample, comprising a transparent substrate bearing at least one absorbent coating suitable for behaving as an antireflection coating suppressing reflection through destructive interference when it is illuminated at normal incidence at an illumination wavelength λ through said substrate and when the face of said coating opposite said substrate is in contact with a transparent ambient medium, a refractive index n3 of which is lower than that of a refractive index n0 of said substrate, wherein said absorbent coating comprises:

• a contrast sublayer that is absorbent at said illumination wavelength λ and which exhibits an antireflection behavior at said wavelength, deposited on a surface of said transparent substrate;
• and
• an absorbent layer, being a sensitive layer, distinct from said contrast sublayer and comprising between 1 and 5 sheets of at least one two-dimensional material,
• each sheet having a monoatomic or mono-molecular thickness,
• wherein, a thickness e1 of the contrast sublayer is expressed as a dimensionless parameter δ1 which equals 2πn0*e1/λ, for said illumination wavelength λ, and for said refractive index n0 of the substrate, said contrast sublayer having a complex index of refraction N1=n1−jk1, having a real part n1 and an imaginary part k1,
• the thickness e1 of the contrast sublayer is a first thickness wherein dimensionless parameter δ1 meets the following conditions:
• δ
• 1
• ≅
• (
• n
• 0
• n
• 3
• -
• 1
• )
• 2
• ⁢
• v
• 1
• ⁢
• κ
• 1
• [
• 1
• -
• e
• -
• κ
• 1
• K
• ]
• where:
• v
• 1
• =
• n
• 1
• n
• 0
• ⁢
• n
• 3
• ;
• ⁢
• κ
• 1
• =
• k
• 1
• n
• 0
• ⁢
• n
• 3
• ;
• and
• ⁢
• K
• =
• {
• [
• π
• /
• (
• n
• 0
• /
• n
• 3
• -
• 1
• )
• ]
• ⁢
• n
• 0
• /
• n
• 3
• }
• -
• 1
• ,
• or the thickness e1 of the contrast sublayer is less than said first thickness, where:
• ν12≠1+κ12.