Processes for the preparation of sugammadex

A process for the preparation of a sugammadex:

• comprising:
• forming a solution comprising γ-cyclodextrin of the formula:
• an organic solvent;
• and
• a brominating agent;
• heating the resulting solution to brominate γ-cyclodextrin;
• wherein the mixture is heated to and maintained at a temperature between 40 and 80° C. and allowed to react from 4 hours to 48 hours and then quenched with water while maintaining the temperature between 25° C. to 70° C. to produce the 8-per-deoxy-8-bromo-γ-cyclodextrin of the formula:
• dissolving 8-per-deoxy-8-bromo-γ-cyclodextrin in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone;
• adding 3-mercaptopropionic acid to form a first solution;
• dissolving a base in water to form a base-water solution;
• adding the base-water solution to the first solution at a rate sufficient to maintain the temperature of the resulting solution between about 5° C. and 40° C., wherein the base in the base-water solution is selected sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and sodium phosphate;
• stirring the resulting solution in the presence of heat;
• adjusting the pH of the resulting mixture to from 7 to 13;
• and
• isolating the sugammadex product.