Checkpoint blockade and microsatellite instability
AssigneeThe Johns Hopkins University
InventorsLuis Diaz, Bert Vogelstein, Kenneth W. Kinzler, Nickolas Papadopoulos, Dung Le, Drew M. Pardoll, Suzanne L. Topalian
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Abstract
Blockade of immune checkpoints such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death-1 (PD-1) shows promise in patients with cancer. Inhibitory antibodies directed at these receptors have been shown to break immune tolerance and promote anti-tumor immunity. These agents work particularly well in patients with a certain category of tumor. Such tumors may be particularly susceptible to treatment because of the multitude of neoantigens which they produce.
Claims38
A method of treating cancer in a human patient, the method comprising:
- testing or having tested a biological sample obtained from a patient having endometrial cancer, small bowel cancer, gastric cancer, ampullary cancer, choloangiocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, esophageal cancer, liver cancer, ovarian cancer, uterine cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer, testicular cancer or oral cancer, thereby determining that the patient's cancer is microsatellite instability high or DNA mismatch repair deficient;
- and
- in response to determining that the patient's cancer is microsatellite instability high or DNA mismatch repair deficient, treating the patient determined to have microsatellite instability high or DNA mismatch repair deficient cancer with a therapeutically effective amount of pembrolizumab.
A method of reducing the risk of cancer progression or increasing overall survival in a human patient, the method comprising:
- testing, or having tested, a biological sample obtained from a patient having endometrial cancer, small bowel cancer, gastric cancer, ampullary cancer, choloangiocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, esophageal cancer, liver cancer, ovarian cancer, uterine cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer, testicular cancer or oral cancer, thereby determining that the patient's cancer is microsatellite instability high or DNA mismatch repair deficient;
- and
- in response to determining that the patient's cancer is microsatellite instability high or DNA mismatch repair deficient, treating the patient determined to have microsatellite instability high or mismatch repair deficient cancer with a therapeutically effective amount of pembrolizumab.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.