Devices and methods for sample analysis

A method of detecting an analyte of interest in a liquid droplet, comprising:

• introducing a liquid droplet containing an analyte of interest into a device comprising:
• a first substrate and a second substrate aligned to define a gap therebetween, the first substrate comprising a plurality of electrodes to generate electrical actuation forces on the liquid droplet when disposed in the gap;
• at least one reagent disposed in a printed or dried form on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate and configured to be carried by the liquid droplet upon contact with the liquid droplet, wherein the liquid droplet with the at least one reagent further comprises at least one solid support;
• and
• an array of elements, each element dimensioned to hold at least a portion of the liquid droplet in a discrete region, wherein each element of the array of elements comprises a first sidewall and a bottom surface, and wherein at least a top portion of the first sidewall is oriented at an obtuse angle with reference to the bottom surface;
• using an electrical actuation force to move the liquid droplet towards the array;
• labeling the analyte of interest with a detectable label;
• and
• detecting the analyte of interest in the array.