Self-powered biosensors
AssigneeThe Regents of the University of California
InventorsJoseph Wang, Patrick Mercier, Ali Fazli Yeknami, Somayeh Imani
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Abstract
Disclosed are self-powering biofuel cell and sensor devices, systems and techniques. In some aspects, a self-powered biosensing system includes an electronic circuit; an anode including an enzymatic layer electrically coupled to a power supply voltage terminal of the electronic circuit and configured to interact with an analyte in a fluid, such as glucose or lactate; and a cathode electrically coupled to a ground voltage terminal of the electronic circuit, where the electronic circuit is operable to control and use the electrical energy generated at the anode and cathode for powering the biosensing system and detecting a concentration of the analyte in the fluid.
Claims16
A self-powered biosensing system for detecting an analyte, comprising:
- an electronic circuit, including a signal converter and a switched load;
- an anode, including a first nanocomposite and an enzymatic layer,
- wherein the anode is electrically coupled to an input voltage terminal of the signal converter, and configured to interact with an analyte in a fluid, the analyte including glucose or lactate;
- a cathode, including a second nanocomposite and electrically coupled to a ground voltage terminal of the electronic circuit,
- wherein an electrical energy is generated from transformation of the analyte to a derivative substance based on electrochemical reactions across the anode and cathode,
- wherein the electrical energy is stored in an electrical energy storage device during a first phase of operation, and
- wherein the electronic circuit is configured to be powered by the electrical energy stored in the electrical energy storage device during a second phase of operation;
- a first switch electrically coupled at a first node to the switched load and electrically coupled at a second node to the electrical energy storage device;
- and
- a second switch electrically coupled at a third node to the ground voltage terminal and electrically coupled at a fourth node to a load impedance, wherein the switched load comprises the second switch and the load impedance,
- wherein during the second phase of operation, the first switch is open and the second switch is closed,
- wherein during the second phase of operation the electronic circuit is operable to determine from the electrical energy a digital data value representative of a concentration of the analyte,
- wherein during the first phase of operation, the first switch is closed and the second switch is open, and
- wherein during the first phase of operation, the system presents a matched load at a predetermined duty ratio via periodic activation of the second switch during the second phase of operation.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.