Nanoarrays and methods of use thereof

A solid support comprising two or more wells, wherein each well is separated by about 0.2 μm to about 2.0 μm from any adjacent well and each well comprises at least one particle, said particle comprising a plurality of oligonucleotide moieties covalently attached to said particle via a bioconjugate linker, wherein the bioconjugate linker is formed via a reaction between a particle polymer comprising a first bioconjugate reactive moiety and an oligonucleotide comprising a second bioconjugate reactive moiety, and wherein the average longest dimension of the particle is from about 100 nm to about 1000 nm, wherein

• said solid support comprises a polymer layer comprising polymerized units of alkoxysilyl methacrylate, alkoxysilyl acrylate, alkoxysilyl methylacrylamide, alkoxysilyl acrylamide, or a copolymer thereof.