High water recovery hybrid membrane system for desalination and brine concentration

A water recovery hybrid membrane system for desalination and brine concentration, comprising:

• a forward osmosis desalination unit including a forward osmosis desalination chamber having a semipermeable membrane defining a feed side and a draw side of the forward osmosis desalination chamber;
• a delivery pump for injecting a stream of seawater or brine into the feed side of the forward osmosis desalination chamber at a pressure of about 58 bar;
• a reverse osmosis desalination unit including a reverse osmosis desalination chamber having a semipermeable membrane, the membrane defining a feed side and a permeate side of the reverse osmosis desalination chamber, wherein the feed side of the reverse osmosis desalination chamber is in fluid communication with the feed side of the forward osmosis desalination chamber, such that a fluid drawn through the feed side of the forward osmosis desalination chamber is fed into the feed side of the reverse osmosis desalination chamber, wherein a rejected stream from the feed side of the reverse osmosis desalination chamber is received directly by the draw side of the forward osmosis desalination chamber and pure water extracted from a fluid from the permeate side is outputted from the reverse osmosis desalination unit;
• and
• a circulation pump for injecting the fluid from the feed side of the forward osmosis desalination chamber into the feed side of the reverse osmosis desalination chamber at a pressure greater than 60 bar.