Optical system for generating arbitrary-order optical vortex arrays and finite optical lattices with defects

An optical system for generating arbitrary-order optical vortex arrays and finite optical lattices with defects, comprising a laser, a collimating and beam-expanding system, a spatial light modulator, a 4-f lens system, and an image detector which are disposed according to a light path, wherein the spatial light modulator loads holograms of different arbitrary-order alternating optical vortex arrays, and the initial modulation amplitude and phase distribution Φ(u, v) of the loaded arbitrary-order alternating optical vortex arrays is expressed as:

• Φ(u,v)=[cos(au)+i sin(bv)]n
• where (u, v) represents the Cartesian coordinate system, a and b are parameters for regulating and controlling the amplitudes and phases of optical fields in u and v directions in the arbitrary-order alternating optical vortex arrays, which are real numbers;
• i represents an imaginary unit;
• n is a positive integer, representing the absolute value of the positive and negative topological charge values of each optical vortex in the arbitrary-order alternating optical vortex arrays, and the alternating optical vortices refer to the alternating arrangement of optical vortices with the topological charge of ±n;
• and
• by changing the value of the parameter n, the alternating optical vortex arrays with the topological charge of ±n are controllably generated, and optical lattice arrays with different numbers of bright spots and finite optical lattice arrays with specific optical defects are generated.