Heat integrated reformer with catalytic combustion for hydrogen production

An apparatus for the production of hydrogen from a fuel source, comprising:

• a combustor configured to receive a combustor fuel and convert the combustor fuel into combustor heat wherein the combustor includes a combustion zone;
• a reformer disposed annularly about the combustor, wherein the reformer is configured to receive the combustor heat, wherein the reformer includes a reforming zone;
• a cylindrical inner wall separating the combustion zone and the reforming zone, the cylindrical inner wall being:
• in contact with the combustor and the reformer,
• forming heat exchange zones where heat is transferred between a feed of the combustor and products of the reformer, and
• between a feed of the reformer and products of the combustor;
• a removable structured catalyst support disposed within the combustion zone and having a surface coated with a combustion catalyst configured to induce combustor fuel combustion reactions within the combustor that convert the combustor fuel to the combustor heat;
• and
• a tube being disposed along a length of the combustion zone, the tube configured to communicate tail gas fuel to the combustion zone for mixing with combustion fuel, the tube including:
• a plurality of combustor fuel injection apertures configured for mixing tail gas fuel with combustion fuel into the combustion zone, the plurality of combustor fuel injection apertures disposed at a first end portion of the tube, and
• a second end portion that includes annular injector disks including injector passages along a perimeter of the annular injector disks.