Radial adsorber, adsorption system, and adsorption methods

A radial adsorber comprising:

• a vessel, the vessel having a chamber, an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber and an outlet in fluid communication with the chamber;
• a first layer of material positioned adjacent to a second layer of material within the chamber, the first layer of material including a first material and the second layer of material including a second material that is different from the first material;
• the vessel also having at least one flow guiding structure defined within or positioned within the chamber for guiding fluid within the chamber and through the layers of material, the at least one flow guiding structure configured so that the fluid passes from an outer region of the chamber to an inner region of the chamber to pass through the layers of material and/or pass from the inner region to the outer region to pass through the layers of material;
• and
• wherein the at least one flow guiding structure includes a first outer conduit positioned to receive fluid from the inlet and guide the fluid to an outer side of the first layer of material, a first inner conduit positioned to receive fluid from an inner side of the first layer of material to guide the fluid to an inner side of the second layer of material, and a second outer conduit positioned to receive fluid from an outer side of the second layer of material and guide the fluid to the outlet of the vessel.

A radial adsorber comprising:

• a vessel, the vessel having a chamber, an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber and an outlet in fluid communication with the chamber;
• a first layer of material positioned adjacent to a second layer of material within the chamber, the first layer of material including a first material and the second layer of material including a second material that is different from the first material;
• the vessel also having at least one flow guiding structure defined within or positioned within the chamber for guiding fluid within the chamber and through the layers of material, the at least one flow guiding structure configured so that the fluid passes from an outer region of the chamber to an inner region of the chamber to pass through the layers of material and/or pass from the inner region to the outer region to pass through the layers of material;
• wherein the at least one flow guiding structure includes one of:
• (i) a first inner conduit positioned to receive fluid from the inlet and guide the fluid to an inner side of the first layer of material and a first outer conduit positioned to receive fluid from an outer side of the first layer of material to guide the fluid to an outer side of the second layer of material;
• (ii) a first inner conduit positioned to receive fluid from the inlet and guide the fluid to an inner side of the first layer of material and a first outer conduit positioned to receive fluid from an outer side of the first layer of material to guide the fluid to an outer side of the second layer of material, and a second inner conduit positioned to receive fluid from an inner side of the second layer of material to guide the fluid to the outlet of the vessel;
• (iii) a first outer conduit positioned to receive fluid from the inlet and guide the fluid to an outer side of the first layer of material and a first inner conduit positioned to receive fluid from an inner side of the first layer of material to guide the fluid to an inner side of the second layer of material;
• and
• (iv) a first outer conduit positioned to receive fluid from the inlet and guide the fluid to an outer side of the first layer of material, a first inner conduit positioned to receive fluid from an inner side of the first layer of material to guide the fluid to an inner side of the second layer of material, and a second outer conduit positioned to receive fluid from an outer side of the second layer of material and guide the fluid to the outlet of the vessel;
• and
• a first flow bypass prevention mechanism positioned between the first layer of material and the second layer of material, wherein the first flow bypass prevention mechanism comprises:
• at least one spring;
• a first extendable member positioned to at least partially define a compartment;
• the at least one spring positioned in the compartment, a first end of each spring engaging the first layer of material and a second end of the at least one spring engaging the second layer of material so that the first extendable material extends via the at least one spring in response to a settlement effect resulting from the first material and/or the second material becoming more densely packed as a result of fluid being passing through the first layer of material and the second layer of material.

A radial adsorber comprising:

• a vessel, the vessel having a chamber, an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber and an outlet in fluid communication with the chamber;
• layers of material positioned within the chamber, the layers of material including a first layer of material positioned adjacent to a second layer of material within the chamber, the first layer of material including a first material and the second layer of material including a second material that is different from the first material, the layers of material also including a third layer of material positioned within the chamber, the third layer of material comprising a third material that differs from the first material and also differs from the second material;
• the vessel also having at least one flow guiding structure defined within or positioned within the chamber for guiding fluid within the chamber and through the layers of material, the at least one flow guiding structure configured so that the fluid passes from an outer region of the chamber to an inner region of the chamber to pass through the layers of material and/or pass from the inner region to the outer region to pass through the layers of material;
• wherein the at least one flow guiding structure includes one of:
• (i) a first inner conduit positioned to receive fluid from the inlet and guide the fluid to an inner side of the first layer of material and a first outer conduit positioned to receive fluid from an outer side of the second layer of material to guide the fluid to an outer side of the third layer of material to pass the fluid through the third layer of material;
• and
• (ii) a first outer conduit positioned to receive fluid from the inlet and guide the fluid to an outer side of the first layer of material and a first inner conduit positioned to receive fluid from an inner side of the second layer of material to guide the fluid to an inner side of the third layer of material to pass the fluid through the third layer of material.