Method for promoting germination of underground buds and growth of new-born root systems of ratoon sugarcane

A method for promoting germination of underground buds and growth of new-born root systems of ratoon sugarcane, the method comprising steps of:

• (1) surveying depths of stubbles of the ratoon sugarcane through diagonal method or serpentine method, which comprises:
• for a ratoon sugarcane field after mechanical harvesting, recycling sugarcane leaves, surveying depths of 5-8 stools, and determining an average depth of the stubbles by weighting the surveyed depths of the 5-8 stools, so as to prepare for mechanical cutting of the stubbles;
• for a ratoon sugarcane field preparing to adopt manual harvesting, before harvesting, surveying depths of 3-5 stools, and determining an average depth of the stubbles by weighting the surveyed depths of the 3-5 stools, so as to prepare for in-soil cutting of the ratoon sugarcane;
• (2) performing stubble cutting, which comprises:
• for the ratoon sugarcane field after mechanical harvesting, according to the average depth of the stubbles, remaining underground stubbles of 5-7 cm after cutting the stubbles with a sugarcane stubble cutting machine;
• for the ratoon sugarcane field with manual harvesting, combined with the average depth of the stubbles, determining an in-soil cutting depth, remaining underground stubbles of 10-12 cm after cutting the ratoon sugarcane with a sharp hoe, so as to realize sugarcane cutting and stubble cutting in one step, and recycling sugarcane leaves;
• (3) applying fertilizers and pesticides, which comprises:
• for the ratoon sugarcane field with mechanical harvesting, after completing the stubble cutting, a paddy sugarcane field completing fertilizer and pesticide applying management in one week, an irrigated land sugarcane field and a dry land sugarcane field completing the fertilizer and pesticide applying management in time, wherein an application amount of bio-organic fertilizer is in a range of 1800-3000 kg/ha, an application amount of chemical fertilizer is in a range of 1200-1500 kg/ha, the bio-organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer are both applied to two sides of the stubbles as base fertilizers at one time;
• the pesticides are uniformly mixed with the chemical fertilizer and applied together;
• for the ratoon sugarcane field with manual harvesting, after recycling the sugarcane leaves, completing the fertilizer and pesticide applying management in time, wherein the application amount of the bio-organic fertilizer is in a range of 1800-3000 kg/ha, the application amount of the chemical fertilizer is in a range of 900-1200 kg/ha, the bio-organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer are both applied to the two sides of the stubbles as base fertilizers at one time;
• the pesticides are uniformly mixed with the chemical fertilizer and applied together;
• and
• (4) hilling up, and then controlling the underground buds of the ratoon sugarcane to be distributed 10-15 cm below ground, and then conducting whole film mulching with a plastic film.