Carbon dioxide capture

An apparatus comprising:

• a housing defining:
• a first zone for carbon dioxide adsorption;
• a second zone for sorbent heating, the second zone filled with a liquid heating medium;
• a third zone for carbon dioxide desorption;
• and
• a fourth zone for sorbent cooling, the fourth zone filled with a liquid cooling medium, wherein the liquid heating medium in the second zone forms a first hydraulic seal between the first zone and the third zone, and the liquid cooling medium in the fourth zone forms a second hydraulic seal between the first zone and the third zone;
• an inlet configured to receive a carbon dioxide-containing fluid in the first zone;
• a first outlet configured to discharge a carbon dioxide-depleted fluid from the first zone;
• a second outlet configured to discharge a carbon dioxide-rich fluid from the third zone;
• and
• a conveyor belt disposed within the housing and passing through each of the first zone, the second zone, the third zone, and the fourth zone, the conveyor belt comprising a porous medium comprising a carbon dioxide sorbent, the conveyor belt configured to rotate within the housing, such that at least a portion of the carbon dioxide sorbent cycles through the first zone, the second zone, the third zone, and the fourth zone repeatedly in sequential order, wherein the carbon dioxide sorbent is configured to:
• within the first zone at a first temperature, adsorb carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide-containing fluid as the carbon dioxide-containing fluid flows through the porous medium to produce the carbon dioxide-depleted fluid;
• and
• within the third zone at a second temperature, desorb the carbon dioxide captured from the carbon dioxide-containing fluid to produce the carbon dioxide-rich fluid, thereby regenerating the carbon dioxide sorbent,
• wherein the liquid heating medium in the second zone is configured to heat the carbon dioxide sorbent from the first temperature toward the second temperature, and the liquid cooling medium in the fourth zone is configured to cool the carbon dioxide sorbent from the second temperature to the first temperature.