Rare earth metal-free hard magnets
AssigneeMax-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften e.V.
InventorsRolf Stinshoff, Roshnee Sahoo, Claudia Felser
Life of this patent
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Abstract
The invention relates to hard magnets that include an intermetallic compound having the general composition XaX′bYcZd where X and X′ independently from one another are representative of a 3d transition metal with unpaired electrons; Y is a 4d or 5d transition metal of groups 5, 8, 9, or 10 Z is a main group element of groups 13, 14 or 15; a and d independently from one another represent a number between 0.1 and 2.0; and b and c independently from one another represent a number between 0.0 and 2.0; such that a+b+c+d is between 3.0 and 4.0.
Claims17
A hard magnet comprising an intermetallic compound having the general composition
- XaX′bYcZd
- wherein
- X and X′ independently from one another are representative of a 3d transition metal with unpaired electrons;
- Y is a 4d or 5d transition metal of groups 5, 8, 9, or 10;
- Z is a main group element of groups 13, 14 or 15;
- a and d independently from one another represent a number between 0.1 and 2.0;
- b represents a number between 0.0 and 2.0;
- and
- c is 1;
- and a+b+c+d is between 3.0 und 4.0;
- the intermetallic compound has hexagonal or trigonal crystal symmetry;
- and the hard magnet has a coercivity Bc of ≥0.05 T.
A method of making a hard magnet comprising either sintering or incorporating an intermetallic compound into a binder, said intermetallic compound having the general composition
- XaX′bYcZd
- wherein
- X and X′ is representative of a 3d transition metal with unpaired electrons;
- Y is a 4d or 5d transition metal of groups 5, 8, 9, or 10
- Z is a main group element of groups 13, 14 or 15;
- a and d independently from one another represent a number between 0.1 and 2.0;
- and
- b and c independently from one another represent a number between 0.0 and 2.0;
- and a+b+c+d is between 3.0 und 4.0,
- and the method further comprises depositing the intermetallic compound on a sapphire or MgO substrate at a deposition temperature that results in a hexagonal or trigonal crystal symmetry.
A hard magnet comprising an intermetallic compound having the general composition
- XaX′bYcZd
- wherein
- X and X′ independently from one another are representative of a 3d transition metal with unpaired electrons;
- Y is Ru, Rh, Pd, Pt, Ir, Ag or Au;
- Z is a main group element of groups 13, 14 or 15;
- a and d independently from one another represent a number between 0.1 and 2.0;
- b represents a number between 0.0 and 2.0;
- but is not 0.0 and
- c is 1;
- and a+b+c+d is between 3.0 und 4.0,
- and the intermetallic compound has hexagonal or trigonal crystal symmetry.
A material with permanent magnetic properties comprising
- (i) a hard magnet comprising an intermetallic compound having the general composition
- XaX′bYcZd
- wherein
- X and X′ independently from one another are representative of a 3d transition metal with unpaired electrons;
- Y is a 4d or 5d transition metal of groups 5, 8, 9, or 10
- Z is a main group element of groups 13, 14 or 15;
- a and d independently from one another represent a number between 0.1 and 2.0;
- b represents a number between 0.0 and 2.0;
- and
- c is 1;
- and a+b+c+d is between 3.0 und 4.0, disposed on
- (ii) an epitaxial substrate selected from sapphire or MgO,
- and the intermetallic compound has hexagonal or trigonal crystal symmetry.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.