Head up display systems including hologram replicator

A head up display (HUD) system comprising:

• one or more light sources and one or more phase modulators configured to generate and output a hologram;
• and a replicator configured to receive the hologram, to generate N replications of the hologram from the hologram, and to output the N replications of the hologram, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, wherein the replicator includes:
• a transmissive element configured to receive the hologram and to output the N replications of the hologram;
• and a reflective element configured to reflect light toward the transmissive element;
• and a transparent element disposed between the transmissive element and the reflective element, and wherein the transmissive element includes a first region where the hologram is received by the transmissive element and N regions arranged adjacent to the first region where each of the N replications of the hologram are transmitted through the N regions of the transmissive element, respectively, wherein the N regions have N different transmittances, respectively, and wherein values of the N different transmittances increase in non-linear steps in a direction from a first one of the N regions located adjacent to the first region to a last one of the N regions to equalize intensities of the N replications of the hologram transmitted through the transmissive element, wherein the N replications of the hologram do not overlap and gaps between the N replications of the hologram are greater than zero and less than a predetermined minimum diameter of human pupils, and wherein a depth of the replicator satisfies the relationship:
• 0 millimeters<2*D*tanθ−H≤predetermined minimum human pupil size, where D is the depth of the replicator, tan represents use of the tangent function, H is a length of the hologram, θ is an incident angle that the hologram is input to the replicator, and predetermined minimum human pupil size is the predetermined minimum diameter of human pupils.