Electronic devices with an alignment-free spectrometer

A method of determining a wavelength and angle of incidence of incident light with a portable electronic device, the method comprising:

• with a spectrometer, taking measurements of light emitted by known light sources at known incidence angles;
• using control circuitry, training a deep neural network to determine correlations between the known light sources at the known incidence angles and the spectrometer measurements;
• taking a measurement of the incident light using the spectrometer;
• and
• determining the wavelength and the angle of incidence of the incident light using the deep neural network correlation.

A portable electronic device configured to measure a light profile of incident light, the portable electronic device comprising:

• a housing;
• a single-shot alignment-free spectrometer with no moving parts in the housing, wherein the spectrometer is configured to produce spectrometer data in response to the incident light and wherein the spectrometer comprises:
• a grating that diffracts the incident light based on a wavelength and an angle of incidence of the incident light,
• a coded aperture that encodes the diffracted incident light, and
• an image sensor that produces the spectrometer data;
• and
• control circuitry that determines the wavelength and the angle of incidence of the incident light based on correlations between known light sources and the spectrometer data.