Fluorinated tensides

A compound of formula

• where R1, R2 and R3, independently of one another, CF3—(CF2)1-2—O—,
• o=1-30,
• X=—S3−, —OSO3−, —COO−, —PO32−, —OP(O)(O−)O—, —OPO32−, a polyethylene glycol, a poly-propylene glycol, —CH(OH)—CH2—NH-sach, —Y′—(CH2—CH2—O)v-R4, a betaine, or a sulfobetaine, with counterions being H+, Na+, K+ or NH4+, sach being a sugar,
• X1 and X2, independently of one another, have the meaning of X, or, in the formulae (IIa), (IIb), (IIc) and (V) are also equal to H,
• Y′=S, O or NH, and
• L1, L2 and L3, independently of one another, are a linear or branched C1-C6-alkyl group, or
• where R1 and R2 independently of one another are CF3—(CF2)1-2—, X1=—SO3−, —OSO3−, —COO−, —PO32−, —OP(O)(O−)O—, —OPO32−, a polyethylene glycol, a polypropylene glycol, —CH(OH)—CH2—NH— sach, —Y′—(CH2—CH2—O)v-R4, a betaine, or a sulfobetaine, with counterions being H+, Na+, K+ or NH4+, sach being a sugar, and Y′=S, O or NH.