Energy management system for a hybrid electric ground vehicle

An energy management system for a ground vehicle, the energy management system comprising:

• an internal combustion engine for providing a primary rotational energy;
• a shaft assembly having an input shaft coupled to receive the primary rotational energy, the shaft assembly having a first output shaft and a second output shaft;
• a first load coupled to the first output shaft for receipt of at least a first portion of the primary rotational energy, the first load comprising a hydraulic load of an implement of the vehicle;
• a generator coupled to the second output shaft to receive a second portion of the primary rotational energy, the generator converting the received primary rotational energy into electrical energy;
• a motor for converting the electrical energy into secondary rotational energy at a rotor of the motor;
• a second load coupled to the rotor for receipt of the secondary rotational energy, the second load associated with propulsion of the vehicle with respect to the ground;
• a vehicle controller for evaluation of a total vehicle load comprising the first load and the second load to determine if the primary rotational energy of the internal combustion engine meets or exceeds the total vehicle load;
• an energy storage system for storing energy in a direct current (DC) form;
• a dual inverter comprising primary alternating current (AC) terminals, secondary AC terminals, and DC terminals;
• the DC terminals coupled to the energy storage system, the primary AC terminals coupled to the generator and the secondary AC terminals coupled to the motor, the dual inverter generating motor command data for the motor in a torque control mode or speed control mode based on data messages of the vehicle controller;
• and
• an energy management control module configured for communication with the vehicle controller, the energy management control module configured to generate generator command data for the generator in a power command mode, wherein the energy management control module supports the following control modes:
• a first mode comprising the power command mode and a stored power extraction mode that are mutually exclusive sub-modes for any sampling interval of one or more sampling intervals during a time period, where:
• in the power command mode for a sampling interval, the energy management controller is configured to generate generator command data for the generator based on a commanded motor torque and an energy storage power command to store energy in the energy storage system if the primary rotational energy of the internal combustion engine meets or exceeds the total vehicle load for the sampling interval;
• and
• in the stored power extraction mode for the sampling interval or the next sampling interval following the sampling interval, the primary rotational energy of the internal combustion engine is supplemented by stored electrical energy in the energy storage system to provide electrical energy and the motor command data, via the dual inverter, to the motor to support the second load as a component of the total vehicle load if primary rotational energy of the internal combustion engine does not meet or exceed the total vehicle load for the sampling interval or the next sampling interval;
• and
• a second mode configured to determine an observed state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage system with respect to a target SOC to determine whether to provide electrical energy to charge the energy storage system or to introduce a switched electrical load to discharge the energy storage system for the sampling interval or a following time interval.