Apparatus and method for tracking electrode capacity

A device comprising:

• a battery cell with an anode and a cathode;
• one or more sensors configured to obtain respective sensor data relative to the anode and the cathode;
• a controller in communication with the one or more sensors, the controller being configured to selectively execute a Kalman filter module defining respective state variables, including a scaled reciprocal of the predicted cathode capacity, the scaled reciprocal of the predicted anode capacity, a cathode degradation rate coefficient and an anode degradation rate coefficient;
• wherein the controller includes a processor and tangible, non-transitory memory on which instructions are recorded, execution of the instructions by the processor causing the controller to:
• obtain respective sensor data relative to the anode and the cathode, via the one or more sensors;
• determine a predicted anode capacity and a predicted cathode capacity based on the respective sensor data, via the controller, the predicted anode capacity and the predicted cathode capacity each having a respective variance value;
• generate an updated set of variables and updated respective variance values based in part on the predicted anode capacity, the predicted cathode capacity and a measured equilibrium voltage, via the Kalman filter module, the updated set of variables including an updated anode capacity and an updated cathode capacity;
• and
• control operation of the battery cell based in part on the updated set of variables and the updated respective variance values, via the controller.