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US 11,492,541 B2Granted
Organic salts of oxidizing anions as energetic materials
AssigneeSaudi Arabian Oil Company
InventorsDesmond Schipper, Katherine Leigh Hull
Life of this patent
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Abstract
This document relates to energetic salts that contain an organic cation and an oxidizing anion and methods of using the energetic salt compositions, including methods of hydraulic fracturing, pressure pulse fracturing, formation damage removal, and lowering the viscosity of heavy oil.
Claims47
An energetic salt comprising:
- an organic cation, wherein the organic cation is selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts (NR+4), ternary ammonium salts (NHR3+), secondary ammonium salts (NH2R2+), primary ammonium salts (NH3R+), quaternary phosphonium salts (PR4+), ternary phosphonium salts (PHR3+), secondary phosphonium salts (PH2R2+), primary phosphonium salts (PH3R+), sulfonium salts (SR3+), bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium (PPN) salts, imidazolium salts, pyridinium salts, pyrrolidinium salts, and derivatives thereof;
- wherein each R group is independently selected from the group consisting of a C1-C8 alkyl group, a 4 to 8-membered aryl, a 4 to 8-membered heteroaryl having 1 to 5 heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S, and a 4 to 8-membered heterocycle having 1 to 5 heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S;
- and
- an oxidizing anion;
- wherein the energetic salt is neat;
- and
- wherein the energetic salt is capable of detonation upon reaction of the organic cation with the oxidizing anion.
4 more elements
A composition comprising:
- a fluid;
- and
- an energetic salt comprising:
- an organic cation, wherein the organic cation is selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts (NR+4), ternary ammonium salts (NHR3+), secondary ammonium salts (NH2R2+), primary ammonium salts (NH3R+), quaternary phosphonium salts (PR4+), ternary phosphonium salts (PHR3+), secondary phosphonium salts (PH2R2+), primary phosphonium salts (PH3R+), sulfonium salts (SR3+), bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium (PPN) salts, imidazolium salts, pyridinium salts, pyrrolidinium salts, and derivatives thereof;
- wherein each R group is independently selected from the group consisting of a C1-C8 alkyl group, a 4 to 8-membered aryl, a 4 to 8-membered heteroaryl having 1 to 5 heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S, and a 4 to 8-membered heterocycle having 1 to 5 heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S;
- and
- an oxidizing anion, wherein the oxidizing anion is selected from the group consisting of chlorate (ClO3−), bromate (BrO3−), chlorite (ClO2−), hypochlorite (ClO−), perchlorate (ClO4−), iodate (IO3−), bromite (BrO2−), hypobromite (BrO−), nitrite (NO2−), perbromate (BrO4−), periodate (IO4−), iodite (IO2−), and hypoiodite (IO−);
- wherein the energetic salt is neat;
- and
- wherein the energetic salt is capable of detonation upon reaction of the organic cation with the oxidizing anion.
7 more elements
A method of treating a subterranean formation, comprising:
- providing to a subterranean formation a composition comprising an energetic salt comprising:
- an organic cation, wherein the organic cation is selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts (NR+4), ternary ammonium salts (NHR3+), secondary ammonium salts (NH2R2+), primary ammonium salts (NH3R+), quaternary phosphonium salts (PR4+), ternary phosphonium salts (PHR3+), secondary phosphonium salts (PH2R2+), primary phosphonium salts (PH3R+), sulfonium salts (SR3+), bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium (PPN) salts, imidazolium salts, pyridinium salts, pyrrolidinium salts, and derivatives thereof;
- wherein each R group is independently selected from the group consisting of a C1-C8 alkyl group, a 4 to 8-membered aryl, a 4 to 8-membered heteroaryl having 1 to 5 heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S, and a 4 to 8-membered heterocycle having 1 to 5 heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S;
- and
- an oxidizing anion;
- wherein the energetic salt is neat;
- and
- triggering a reaction between the organic cation and the oxidizing anion, wherein the energetic salt detonates.
5 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.