# US 11,451,159 B2 · Three-phase system and distributed control method thereof

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- Number: US 11,451,159 B2
- Document ID: US11451159B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/228,737
- Filed: 2021-04-13
- Published: 2021-12-16
- Granted: 2022-09-20
- Earliest claimed: 2020-06-10
- Assignees: Delta Electronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.
- Applicants: Delta Electronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.
- Inventors: Hong Liu; Tao Xia; Yong Tao; Cheng Lu
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11451159B2

## CPC

- H02J 3/26: Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks
- H02M 7/2173: {in a biphase or polyphase circuit arrangement (H02M7/2176 takes precedence; voltage multipliers H02M7/25)}
- H02M 7/23: arranged for operation in parallel {(H02M7/2176 takes precedence)}
- H02M 7/4835: {comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage}
- H02M 7/797: using semiconductor devices only
- H02M 1/0003: {Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits}
- H02M 1/42: Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M 7/219: in a bridge configuration
- H02M 7/4833: {Capacitor voltage balancing}
- H02M 7/5387: in a bridge configuration
- Y02B 70/10: Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
- Y02E 40/50: Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P)
- Y02B: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

Disclosed are three-phase system and distributed control method. The three-phase system comprises three-phase circuits, of which each phase circuit including at least one power conversion cell; and at least three phase controllers for controlling each phase circuit, respectively, each phase controller including a communication interface through which the at least three phase controllers are in communications connection with each other; wherein the phase controllers of each phase circuit is configured for regulating bridge arm voltages of the at least one power conversion cell in the phase circuit by receiving signals sent from the phase controllers of other two phase circuits through the communication interface. The three-phase system and the distributed control method of the invention solve problems of balance of three-phase current and stabilization of three-phase DC voltages by coordination among the three phases. Thanks to the invention, the three phases can be independently controlled to improve control flexibility.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A three-phase system, comprising:
three-phase circuit, each phase circuit of the three-phase circuit including at least one power conversion cell; and
at least three phase controllers for controlling each phase circuit, respectively, each of the phase controllers including a communication interface through which the at least three phase controllers are in communications connection with each other;
wherein the phase controller of each phase circuit is configured for regulating bridge arm voltage of the at least one power conversion cell in the corresponding phase circuit by receiving signals sent from the phase controllers of other two phase circuits through the communication interface,
wherein the phase controller of each phase circuit receives active power signals sent from the phase controllers of other two phase circuits, and generate zero-sequence component according to the active power signals (XA, XB and XC) reflecting active power of each phase circuit and phase signals (YA, YB and YC) reflecting current phase or voltage phase of each phase circuits, and regulates bridge arm voltage of each power conversion cell in the corresponding phase circuit according to the zero-sequence component correspondingly,
wherein the zero-sequence component=(XA×YA+XB×YB+XC×YC)×K0, where K0 is a proportional coefficient.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The three-phase system according to claim 1, wherein the three-phase system is a delta-connection three-phase system, and each of the phase controllers comprises:
a DC voltage loop controller for receiving DC voltage reference and DC voltage feedback of the corresponding phase circuit, and outputting active current reference of the corresponding phase circuit;
a three-phase current balancing module for receiving reactive current reference of a power grid and active current references of other two phase circuits sent from the phase controllers of other two phase circuits, and outputting reactive current reference of the corresponding phase circuit;
an AC current reference generation module for generating AC current reference of the corresponding phase circuit according to the active current reference of the corresponding phase circuit, the reactive current reference of the corresponding phase circuit and the voltage phase signal of the corresponding phase circuit; and
a current loop controller for receiving the AC current reference of the corresponding phase circuit and current feedback of the corresponding phase circuit, and outputting modulation voltage reference of the corresponding phase circuit;
wherein modulation voltage reference of the three-phase circuits is modulated to output bridge arm voltage reference of each phase circuit, respectively, and the bridge arm voltage of each phase circuit is regulated according to the bridge arm voltage reference.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The three-phase system according to claim 1, wherein the three-phase system is a delta-connection three-phase system, and each of the phase controllers comprises:
a DC voltage loop controller for receiving DC voltage reference and DC voltage feedback of the corresponding phase circuit, and outputting active current reference of the corresponding phase circuit;
a three-phase current balancing module for receiving the active current reference of the corresponding phase circuit and active current references of other two phase circuits sent from the phase controllers of other two phase circuits, and outputting balance current reference of the corresponding phase circuit;
an AC current reference generation module for generating AC current reference of the corresponding phase circuit according to a reactive current reference of a power grid, the balance current reference of the corresponding phase circuit, and the voltage phase signal of the corresponding phase circuit;
a DC voltage balancing module for generating AC current reference of the corresponding phase circuit according to the AC current reference of the corresponding phase circuit and a zero-sequence current; and
a current loop controller for receiving the AC current reference of the corresponding phase circuit and current feedback of the corresponding phase circuit, and outputting modulation voltage reference of the corresponding phase circuit;
wherein modulation voltage reference of the three-phase circuit is modulated to output bridge arm voltage reference of each phase circuit, respectively, and the bridge arm voltage of each phase circuit is regulated according to the bridge arm voltage reference.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The three-phase system according to claim 3, wherein each of the phase controllers is configured to
generate active power signal reflecting active power of the corresponding phase circuit according to voltage signal of the corresponding phase circuit, respectively, and receive the active power signals of other two phase circuits, and
generate the zero-sequence current according to the active power signals reflecting each phase circuits and the voltage phase signals of each phase circuits.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The three-phase system according to claim 1, wherein the three-phase system is a Y-connection three-phase system, and each of the phase controllers comprises:
a DC voltage loop controller for receiving DC voltage reference and DC voltage feedback of the corresponding phase circuit, and outputting active current reference of the corresponding phase circuit;
a three-phase current balancing module for receiving the active current reference of the corresponding phase circuit and active current references of other two phase circuits sent from the phase controllers of other two phase circuits, and outputting balance current reference of the corresponding phase circuit;
an AC current reference generation module for generating AC current reference of the corresponding phase circuit according to a reactive current reference of a power grid, the balance current reference of the corresponding phase circuit, and the voltage phase signal of the corresponding phase circuit;
a current loop controller for receiving the AC current reference of the corresponding phase circuit and current feedback of the corresponding phase circuit, and outputting output voltage reference of the corresponding phase circuit; and
a DC voltage balancing module for generating modulation voltage reference of the corresponding phase circuit according to the output voltage reference of the corresponding phase circuit and a zero-sequence voltage;
wherein modulation voltage reference of the three-phase circuit is modulated to output bridge arm voltage reference of each phase circuit, respectively, and the bridge arm voltage of each phase circuit is regulated according to the bridge arm voltage reference.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The three-phase system according to claim 5, wherein each of the phase controllers is configured to
generate active power signal reflecting active powers of the corresponding phase circuit according to voltage signal of the corresponding phase circuit, respectively, and receive the active power signals of other two phase circuits, and
generate the zero-sequence voltage according to the active power messages reflecting each phase circuits and the current phase messages of each phase circuits.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The three-phase system according to any one of claims 1, wherein each phase circuit includes a plurality of power conversion cells connected in series, and the plurality of power conversion cells of each phase circuit and the corresponding phase controller are connected in serial communication to form a loop network.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The three-phase system according to claim 1, wherein each phase circuit includes a plurality of power conversion cells, an communication among the plurality of power conversion cells of each phase circuit is loop communication or bus communication or star communication, and communication among phase circuits of the three-phase circuit is loop communication or bus communication or star communication.

### Claim 9

A three-phase system, comprising:
three-phase circuit, each phase circuit of the three-phase circuit including at least one power conversion cell; and
at least three phase controllers for controlling each phase circuit, respectively,
wherein each of the phase controllers generates active power signal (XA, XB and XC) reflecting active power of the corresponding phase circuit according to voltage signal reflecting the corresponding phase circuit, respectively;
each of the phase controllers also receives active power signals reflecting active powers of other two phase circuits, and generate zero-sequence component according to the active power signals (XA, XB and XC) reflecting active power of each phase circuit and phase signals (YA, YB and YC) reflecting current phase or voltage phase of each phase circuits, wherein,
the zero-sequence component=(XA×YA+XB×YB+XC×YC)×K0, where K0 is a proportional coefficient;
each of the phase controllers further regulates bridge arm voltage of each power conversion cell in the corresponding phase circuit according to the zero-sequence component correspondingly.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The three-phase system according to claim 9, wherein the three-phase system is a delta-connection three-phase system, the active power signal of each phase circuit is active current reference of each phase circuit, the phase signal of each phase circuit is voltage phase signal of each phase circuit, each of the phase controllers receives active current references reflecting active powers of other two phase circuits, and generates a zero-sequence current according to the active current references reflecting each phase circuits and the voltage phase signal reflecting voltage phases of each phase circuits.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The three-phase system according to claim 10, wherein each of the phase controllers comprises:
a DC voltage loop controller for receiving DC voltage reference and DC voltage feedback of the corresponding phase circuit, and outputting active current reference of the corresponding phase circuit;
a three-phase current balancing module for receiving the active current reference of the corresponding phase circuit and active current references of other two phase circuits sent from the phase controllers of other two phase circuits, and outputting balance current reference of the corresponding phase circuit;
an AC current reference generation module for generating AC current reference of the corresponding phase circuit according to a reactive current reference of a power grid, the balance current reference of the corresponding phase circuit, and the voltage phase signal of the corresponding phase circuit;
a DC voltage balancing module for generating AC current reference of the corresponding phase circuit according to the AC current reference of the corresponding phase circuit and a zero-sequence current; and
a current loop controller for receiving the AC current reference of the corresponding phase circuit and current feedback of the corresponding phase circuit, and outputting modulation voltage reference of the corresponding phase circuit;
wherein modulation voltage reference of the three-phase circuit is modulated to output bridge arm voltage reference of each phase circuit, respectively, and the bridge arm voltage of each phase circuit is regulated according to the bridge arm voltage references.

### Claim 12 (depends on 9)

The three-phase system according to claim 9, wherein the three-phase system is a Y-connection three-phase system, the active power signal of each phase circuit is active current references of each phase circuit, the phase signal of each phase circuit is current phase signal of each phase circuit, each of the phase controllers receives active current references reflecting active powers of other two phase circuits, and generates a zero-sequence voltage according to the active current references reflecting each phase circuit and the current phase signals reflecting current phases of each phase circuits.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The three-phase system according to claim 12, wherein each of the phase controllers comprises:
a DC voltage loop controller for receiving DC voltage reference and DC voltage feedback of the corresponding phase circuit, and outputting active current reference of the corresponding phase circuit;
a three-phase current balancing module for receiving the active current reference of the corresponding phase circuit and active current references of other two phase circuits sent from the phase controllers of other two phase circuits, and outputting balance current reference of the corresponding phase circuit;
an AC current reference generation module for generating AC current reference of the corresponding phase circuit according to a reactive current reference of a power grid, the balance current reference of the corresponding phase circuit, and the voltage phase signal of the corresponding phase circuit;
a current loop controller for receiving the AC current reference of the corresponding phase circuit and current feedback of the corresponding phase circuit, and outputting output voltage reference of the corresponding phase circuit; and
a DC voltage balancing module for generating modulation voltage reference of the corresponding phase circuit according to the output voltage reference of the corresponding phase circuit and a zero-sequence voltage;
wherein modulation voltage reference of the three-phase circuit is modulated to output bridge arm voltage reference of each phase circuit, respectively, and the bridge arm voltage of each phase circuit is regulated according to the bridge arm voltage reference.

### Claim 14

A distributed control method of a three-phase system, wherein the three-phase system comprises:
three-phase circuits, each phase circuit of the three-phase circuit including at least one power conversion cell; and
at least three phase controllers for controlling each phase circuit, respectively, each of the phase controllers including a communication interface through which the at least three phase controllers are in communications connection with each other;
wherein the distributed control method comprises:
when loads at DC sides of the three-phase system are unbalanced,
generating, by each of the phase controllers, active power signal (XA, XB, XC) reflecting active power of the corresponding phase circuit according to voltage signal of the corresponding phase circuit, respectively;
receiving, by each of the phase controllers, active power signals reflecting active powers of other two phase circuits, and generating zero-sequence components according to the active power signals (XA, XB and XC) reflecting active powers of each phase circuits and phase signals (YA, YB and YC) reflecting current phases or voltage phases of each phase circuits, wherein,
the zero-sequence components=(XA×YA+XB×YB+XC×YC)×K0, where K0 is a proportional coefficient;
regulating, by each of the phase controllers, bridge arm voltages of the respective power conversion cells in the corresponding phase circuit according to the zero-sequence components correspondingly.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The distributed control method according to claim 14, wherein the three-phase system is a delta-connection three-phase system, the active power signal of each phase circuit is active current reference of each phase circuit, the phase signal of each phase circuit is voltage phase signal of each phase circuit, each of the phase controllers receives active current references reflecting active powers of other two phase circuits, and generates a zero-sequence current according to the active current references reflecting the active power of each phase circuits and the voltage phase signals reflecting voltage phases of each phase circuits.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The distributed control method according to claim 15, wherein each of the phase controllers comprises:
a DC voltage loop controller for receiving DC voltage reference and DC voltage feedback of the corresponding phase circuit, and outputting active current reference of the corresponding phase circuit;
a three-phase current balancing module for receiving the active current reference of the corresponding phase circuit and active current references of other two phase circuits sent from the phase controllers of other two phase circuits, and outputting balance current references of the corresponding phase circuit;
an AC current reference generation module for generating AC current reference of the corresponding phase circuit according to a reactive current reference of a power grid, the balance current reference of the corresponding phase circuit, and the voltage phase signal of the corresponding phase circuit;
a DC voltage balancing module for generating AC current reference of the corresponding phase circuit according to the AC current reference of the corresponding phase circuit and a zero-sequence current; and
a current loop controller for receiving the AC current reference of the corresponding phase circuit and current feedback of the corresponding phase circuit, and outputting modulation voltage reference of the corresponding phase circuit;
wherein modulation voltage references of the three-phase circuit are modulated to output bridge arm voltage reference of each phase circuit, respectively, and the bridge arm voltage of each phase circuit is regulated according to the bridge arm voltage reference.

### Claim 17 (depends on 14)

The distributed control method according to claim 14, wherein the three-phase system is a Y-connection three-phase system, the active power signal of each phase circuit is active current reference of each phase circuit, the phase signal of each phase circuit is current phase signal of each phase circuit, each of the phase controllers receives active current references reflecting active powers of other two phase circuits, and generates a zero-sequence voltage according to the active current reference reflecting each phase circuit and the current phase signal reflecting current phase of each phase circuit.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The distributed control method according to claim 17, wherein each of the phase controllers comprises:
a DC voltage loop controller for receiving DC voltage reference and DC voltage feedback of the corresponding phase circuit, and outputting active current reference of the corresponding phase circuit;
a three-phase current balancing module for receiving the active current reference of the corresponding phase circuit and active current references of other two phase circuits sent from the phase controllers of other two phase circuits, and outputting balance current reference of the corresponding phase circuit;
an AC current reference generation module for generating AC current reference of the corresponding phase circuit according to a reactive current reference of a power grid, the balance current reference of the corresponding phase circuit, and the voltage phase signal of the corresponding phase circuit;
a current loop controller for receiving the AC current reference of the corresponding phase circuit and current feedback of the corresponding phase circuit, and outputting output voltage reference of the corresponding phase circuit; and
a DC voltage balancing module for generating modulation voltage reference of the corresponding phase circuit according to the output voltage reference of the corresponding phase circuit and a zero-sequence voltage;
wherein the modulation voltage references of the three-phase circuit are modulated to output bridge arm voltage reference of each phase circuit, respectively, and the bridge arm voltage of each phase circuit is regulated according to the bridge arm voltage reference.