# US 11,451,138 B2 · Driver circuit and corresponding methods > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,451,138 B2 - Document ID: US11451138B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/953,733 - Filed: 2018-04-16 - Published: 2018-10-18 - Granted: 2022-09-20 - Earliest claimed: 2017-04-18 - Assignees: Infineon Technologies Austria AG - Applicants: Infineon Technologies Austria AG - Inventors: Eslam Ramadan Mohamed Alfawy; Severin Kampl; Uwe Kirchner - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11451138B2 ## CPC - H02M 1/38: Means for preventing simultaneous conduction of switches - H02M 1/08: Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters - H02P 27/06: using DC to AC converters or inverters (H02P27/05 takes precedence) - H02M 1/0048: {Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses (using snubbers H02M1/34)} - H02M 1/385: {with means for correcting output voltage deviations introduced by the dead time} - H02M 7/4811: {having auxiliary actively switched resonant commutation circuits connected to intermediate DC voltage or between two push-pull branches} - H02M 7/5387: in a bridge configuration - H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P) - H02P: CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS ## Abstract Driver circuits are disclosed having a high-side switch and a low-side switch. A pre-charging circuit is provided to pre-charge the low-side switch. In other implementations, methods are disclosed which involve precharging a low-side switch. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A device comprising: a first high-side switch, a second high-side switch, and a third high-side switch, wherein first terminals of each of the first high-side switch, the second high-side switch, and the third high-side switch is coupled to a first terminal of a first voltage source, a first low-side switch, a second low-side switch, and a third low-side switch, wherein second terminals of each of the first low-side switch, second low-side switch, and the third low-side switch are coupled to a second terminal of the first voltage source, wherein a second terminal of the first high-side switch is coupled with a first terminal of the first low-side switch at a first output node, wherein a second terminal of the second high-side switch is coupled to a first terminal of the second low-side switch at a second output node, and wherein a second terminal of the third high-side switch is coupled to a first terminal of the third low-side switch at a third output node, and the device further comprising: a pre-charging circuit, wherein a terminal of the pre-charging circuit is coupled to a second voltage source and wherein the pre-charging circuit is coupled to each of the first output node, the second output node, and the third output node for pre-charging the first low-side switch, the second low-side switch, and the third low-side switch; wherein each of the first high-side switch, the second high-side switch, and the third high-side switch and the first low-side switch, the second low-side switch, and the third low-side switch include a body diode; wherein the first high-side switch, the second high-side switch, and the third high-side switch and the first low-side switch, the second low-side switch, and the third low-side switch are MOSFET transistors; wherein the pre-charging circuit comprises a switch coupled between the terminal of the pre-charging circuit and the first output node, the second output node, and the third output node; the device further comprising: an inductor coupled to the switch; a first diode coupled between the switch and the first output node; a second diode coupled between the switch and the second output node; a third diode coupled between the switch and the third output node; and a controller, wherein the controller is operative to alternatingly open and close each respective pair of the first high-side switch and the first low-side switch, the second high-side switch and the second low-side switch, and the third high-side switch and the third low-side switch in at least one respective phase of operation of the driver circuit, and in the respective phase of operation activate the pre-charging circuit in dead times where both the respective high-side switch and the respective low-side switch of the respective pair are open. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) A method comprising: operating the device of claim 1. ### Claim 3 An apparatus comprising: a first high side switch; a first low side switch coupled in series with the first high side switch, a node coupling the first high side switch to the first low side switch; a controller operable to selectively control states of the first high side switch and the first low side switch to drive a first load via a circuit path from the node to the first load; a pre-charge circuit operable to pre-charge the node while the first high side switch and the first low side switch are both in an open state; wherein the pre-charge circuit includes a circuit pathway including a voltage source, a corresponding switch, an inductor, and a diode disposed in series; and wherein the circuit pathway supports conveyance of current produced by the voltage source through the corresponding switch, the inductor, and the diode of the circuit path to the node while the first high-side switch and the first low-side switch are both in the open state. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The apparatus as in claim 3, wherein the corresponding switch is operable to convey a voltage from the voltage source through the inductor to the node while the first high side switch and the first low side switch are both in an open state. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The apparatus as in claim 3, wherein the first load is a winding of a motor. ### Claim 6 (depends on 3) The apparatus as in claim 3, wherein the pre-charge of the node is operable to reduce a current flowing through a body diode of the first low-side switch during a dead time when both the first high-side switch and the first low-side switch are open. ### Claim 7 (depends on 3) The apparatus as in claim 3, wherein current flows from the first load through the circuit path to the node during a dead time in which both the first high side switch and the first low side switch are both controlled to be in the open state. ### Claim 8 An apparatus comprising: a first high side switch; a first low side switch coupled in series with the first high side switch, a node coupling the first high side switch to the first low side switch; a controller operable to selectively control states of the first high side switch and the first low side switch to drive a first load via a circuit path from the node to the first load; a pre-charge circuit operable to pre-charge the node while the first high side switch and the first low side switch are both in an open state; wherein current flows from the first load through the circuit path to the node during a dead time in which both the first high side switch and the first low side switch are both controlled to be in the open state; and wherein the pre-charge of the node is operable to speed recovery of a parasitic diode of the first low side switch, preventing current from the first load to flow through the node and the parasitic diode of the first low side switch. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The apparatus as in claim 8, wherein the pre-charge of the node while the first high side switch and the first low side switch are both in an open state causes current to flow from the pre-charge circuit through the node and the first load. ### Claim 10 (depends on 3) The apparatus as in claim 3, wherein the circuit pathway is operable to convey current from the voltage source to the node to pre-charge the node while the first high side switch and the first low side switch are both in the open state. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The apparatus as in claim 10, wherein the current flows through the node and the circuit path to the first load. ### Claim 12 (depends on 7) The apparatus as in claim 7 further comprising: a second high-side switch; a second low-side switch coupled in series with the second high-side switch; wherein a combination of the first load, a second load, and the second low-side switch are coupled in series. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The apparatus as in claim 12, wherein a combination of the voltage source, the first load, the second load, and the second low-side switch are disposed in a series path. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The apparatus as in claim 13, wherein the series path supports a flow of the current while the first high-side switch and the first low-side switch are both in the open state and the second low-side switch is in a closed state. ### Claim 15 (depends on 3) The apparatus as in claim 3, wherein a series combination of the voltage source, corresponding switch, the inductor, and the diode are disposed in parallel with the first low-side switch.