# US 11,451,132 B2 · Multi-phase converter topology for multi-phase and single-phase operation

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- Number: US 11,451,132 B2
- Document ID: US11451132B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/283,910
- Filed: 2019-10-15
- Published: 2021-12-09
- Granted: 2022-09-20
- Earliest claimed: 2018-10-15
- Assignees: Prodrive Technologies Innovation Services B.V.
- Applicants: Prodrive Technologies B.V.
- Inventors: Johann Walter Kolar; Panteleimon Papamanolis; Florian Krismer, Sr.
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11451132B2

## CPC

- H02M 1/10: Arrangements incorporating converting means for enabling loads to be operated at will from different kinds of power supplies, e.g. from AC or DC
- H02M 1/126: {using passive filters}
- H02M 1/14: Arrangements for reducing ripples from DC input or output
- H02M 1/40: Means for preventing magnetic saturation
- H02M 7/219: in a bridge configuration
- H02M 7/757: using semiconductor devices only
- H02M 1/007: {Plural converter units in cascade (push-pull DC/DC converters with pre-regulator H02M3/3374; DC-AC converters following a DC-DC stage including a high frequency transformer H02M7/4807; DC-AC converters following a DC-DC conversion stage generating periodically varying voltages H02M7/4826)}
- H02M 1/0074: {Plural converter units whose inputs are connected in series}
- H02M 1/0077: {Plural converter units whose outputs are connected in series}
- H02M 1/123: {Suppression of common mode voltage or current}
- H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P)

## Abstract

A multiphase converter topology is used for the transmission of electrical energy from an AC voltage input with m grid phase connections to a DC voltage output or vice versa. It has a power part with half-bridges for switching currents, an AC voltage filter between the power part and the AC voltage input, and DC voltage block(s) connected between the power part and the DC output. The AC voltage filter has alternating voltage filter stage(s) with m+1 input connections, m+1 output connections and a ground connection. The m grid phase connections are thereby connected in parallel to one another and form a first phase connection for the connection of a single-phase AC voltage. A neutral conductor connection of the AC voltage filter forms a neutral conductor connection of the AC voltage input and a second phase connection for the connection of the single-phase AC voltage.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A multi-phase converter topology for the transmission of electrical energy from an alternating voltage input with m grid phase connections to a DC voltage output or vice versa, the multi-phase converter comprising:
a power part comprising half-bridges configured to switch currents, wherein each of the half-bridges comprises a plus connection and a minus connection;
an alternating voltage filter connected between the power part and the alternating voltage input, the alternating voltage filter comprising at least one alternating voltage filter stage with m+1 input connections, m+1 output connections, and a ground connection;
a DC input terminal block with a plus connection and a minus connection, wherein the plus connection and the minus connection of each of the half-bridges are connected to the plus connection and the minus connection of the input terminal block, respectively; and
one or more DC voltage blocks serially connected between the DC input terminal block and the DC voltage output for filtering DC voltages;
wherein the multi-phase converter topology has a single-phase mode of operation, in which: the m grid phase connections are connected in parallel to one another and form a first phase connection for the connection of a single-phase alternating voltage, and a neutral conductor connection of the alternating voltage filter is connected to a neutral conductor connection of the alternating voltage input, and the neutral conductor connection of the alternating voltage input forms a second phase connection for the connection of the single-phase alternating voltage.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The multi-phase converter topology according to claim 1, wherein the alternating voltage filter (22) comprises at least one (m+1)-phase common-mode filter choke, which does not saturate during single-phase operation of the multi-phase converter.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The multi-phase converter topology according to claim 2, wherein the at least one (m+1)-phase common-mode filter choke of the alternating voltage filter comprises m+1 windings, and the m+1 windings each have a same number of turns and a same winding direction.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The multi-phase converter topology according to claim 3, wherein wires of a first m windings of the m+1 windings have a same first conductor cross section, and a wire of the (m+1)-th winding of the m+1 windings has a conductor cross section which is m-times the first conductor cross section.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The multi-phase converter topology according to claim 1, further comprising a DC/DC converter block having at least two DC/DC converters, wherein inputs of the at least two DC/DC converters are selectively switchable between a series and a parallel arrangement.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The multi-phase converter topology according to claim 1, further comprising a DC/DC converter block having two DC/DC converters,
wherein
inputs of the two DC/DC converters are selectively switchable between a series and a parallel arrangement;
wherein outputs of the two DC/DC converters are connected in parallel to form the DC voltage output; and
wherein the power part comprises half-bridges configured to form a converter having two voltage levels.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The multi-phase converter topology according to claim 1,
wherein the power part comprises half-bridges for switching three voltage levels, and
wherein outputs of a DC voltage block (23) form the DC voltage output (26).

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The multi-phase converter topology according to claim 1, further comprising a DC/DC converter block having at least two DC/DC converters, wherein outputs of the at least two DC/DC converters are selectively switchable between a series and a parallel arrangement.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The multi-phase converter topology according to claim 8, wherein inputs of the at least two DC/DC converters are selectively switchable between a series and a parallel arrangement.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The multi-phase converter topology according to claim 1,
wherein the power part comprises a midpoint voltage connection which is connected to a midpoint voltage connection of the alternating voltage filter and with a midpoint voltage connection of the input terminal block;
wherein the midpoint voltage connection of the alternating voltage filter is formed by the (m+1)-th output connection of a first one of the at least one alternating voltage filter stage; and
wherein the neutral conductor connection of the alternating voltage filter is formed by the (m+1)-th input connection of a last one of the at least one alternating voltage filter stage.

### Claim 11

A multi-phase converter topology, comprising:
an alternating voltage terminal block with three grid phase connections and a neutral conductor connection,
a DC voltage terminal block with a plus connection and a minus connection,
a power part comprising half-bridges configured to switch currents,
an alternating voltage filter connected between the power part and the alternating voltage terminal block, the alternating voltage filter comprising a midpoint voltage connection and a ground connection,
a DC voltage block and a first DC voltage filter block connected between the power part and the DC voltage terminal block,
wherein the DC voltage block comprises a first diode, a second diode, a switch, a first midpoint voltage node, a second midpoint voltage node, a plus connection node and a minus connection node,
wherein the first diode and the second diode are connected in series between the plus connection node and the minus connection node,
wherein a midpoint between the first diode and the second diode forms the first midpoint voltage node and is connected to the midpoint voltage connection,
wherein the switch is connected between the first midpoint voltage node and the second midpoint voltage node,
wherein the first DC voltage filter block comprises two filter capacitors, wherein the two filter capacitors are connected in series between the plus connection node and the minus connection node, wherein a midpoint between the two filter capacitors is connected to the second midpoint voltage node,
wherein the two-phase common-mode filter choke comprises a first coil connected between the first switching voltage node and a plus connection node and a second coil connected between the second switching voltage node and a minus connection node,
wherein the second DC voltage filter block comprises two capacitors connected in series between the plus connection node and the minus connection node, and
wherein the multi-phase converter topology is configured to selectively operate as a three-phase converter and as a single-phase converter, wherein when operating as a single-phase converter the three grid phase connections are connected in parallel to one another and form a first single-phase connection, and wherein the neutral conductor connection forms a second single-phase connection.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The multi-phase converter topology of claim 11, further comprising a DC/DC converter connected between the plus connection and the minus connection of the DC voltage terminal block.

### Claim 13 (depends on 11)

The multi-phase converter topology of claim 11, wherein the switch is configured to be closed when the multi-phase converter topology operates as a three-phase converter and the switch is configured to be open when the multi-phase converter topology operates as a single-phase converter.

### Claim 14 (depends on 11)

The multi-phase converter topology of claim 11, wherein the DC voltage block further comprises a common-mode filter capacitor, wherein a first connection of the common-mode filter capacitor is connected to the first midpoint voltage node and wherein a second connection of the common-mode filter capacitor is connected to the ground connection.

### Claim 15 (depends on 11)

The multi-phase converter topology of claim 11, wherein the first DC voltage filter block further comprises a two-phase common-mode filter choke, wherein the two-phase common-mode filter choke comprises a first coil having a first connection connected to the plus connection node and a second coil having a first connection connected to the minus connection node.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The multi-phase converter topology of claim 15, further comprising a second DC voltage filter block, wherein the second DC voltage filter block comprises two capacitors connected in series between a second connection of the first coil and a second connection of the second coil.

### Claim 17 (depends on 11)

The multi-phase converter topology of claim 11, wherein the neutral conductor connection is connected to the midpoint voltage connection.

### Claim 18

A multi-phase converter topology for the transmission of electrical energy from an alternating voltage input with m grid phase connections to a DC voltage output or vice versa, the multi-phase converter comprising:
a power part comprising half-bridges configured to switch currents;
an alternating voltage filter connected between the power part and the alternating voltage input, the alternating voltage filter comprising at least one alternating voltage filter stage with m+1 input connections, m+1 output connections, and a ground connection;
one or more DC voltage blocks connected between the power part and the DC voltage output for filtering DC voltages;
wherein the multi-phase converter topology has a single-phase mode of operation, in which: the m grid phase connections are connected in parallel to one another and form a first phase connection for the connection of a single-phase alternating voltage, and a neutral conductor connection of the alternating voltage filter is connected to a neutral conductor connection of the alternating voltage input, and the neutral conductor connection of the alternating voltage input forms a second phase connection for the connection of the single-phase alternating voltage;
a DC/DC converter block having two DC/DC converters,
wherein inputs of the two DC/DC converters are selectively switchable between a series and a parallel arrangement;
wherein outputs of the two DC/DC converters are connected in parallel to form the DC voltage output;
wherein the power part comprises half-bridges configured to form a converter having three voltage levels; and
wherein the multi-phase converter topology comprises a control configured to operate the converter topology selectively
in a multi-phase operation with three voltage levels and
in a single-phase operation with two voltage levels.