# US 11,451,051 B2 · Method and systems for suppressing electromagnetic pulse induced surges using combined multiport protection with impedance matching and low insertion loss > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,451,051 B2 - Document ID: US11451051B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/521,369 - Filed: 2021-11-08 - Published: 2022-07-14 - Granted: 2022-09-20 - Earliest claimed: 2021-01-13 - Applicants: Plamen Doynov; Timothy A Carty - Inventors: Plamen Doynov; Timothy A Carty - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11451051B2 ## CPC - H02H 9/045: {adapted to a particular application and not provided for elsewhere} - G01R 31/12: Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage {; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing (G01R31/08, G01R31/327 and G01R31/72 take precedence; measuring in plasmas G01R19/0061; measuring dielectric constants G01R27/2617; ESD, EMC or EMP testing of circuits G01R31/002)} - G01R 31/327: Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers - H02H 5/00: Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection (using simulators of the apparatus being protected H02H6/00; specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems H02H7/00) - H02H 5/005: {responsive to ionising radiation; Nuclear-radiation circumvention circuits (radiation detectors G01T; nuclear-explosion detection G21J5/00)} - H02H 9/04: responsive to excess voltage (lightning arrestors H01C7/12, H01C8/04, H01G9/18, H01T) - G01R 29/0814: {Field measurements related to measuring influence on or from apparatus, components or humans (EMC, EMI and similar testing in general G01R31/001), e.g. in ESD, EMI, EMC, EMP testing, measuring radiation leakage; detecting presence of micro- or radiowave emitters; dosimetry; testing shielding; measurements related to lightning} - H02H 3/08: responsive to excess current (responsive to abnormal temperature caused by excess current H02H5/04) - H02H 3/105: {responsive to excess current and fault current to earth} - H02H 3/22: of short duration, e.g. lightning - H02H 9/005: {avoiding undesired transient conditions} - H02H 9/041: {using a short-circuiting device} - H02H 9/046: {responsive to excess voltage appearing at terminals of integrated circuits} - H02H: EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS (indicating or signalling undesired working conditions G01R, e.g. G01R31/00, G08B; locating faults along lines G01R31/08; emergency protective devices H01H) - G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12) ## Abstract A system and method for suppressing EMP-induced voltage surges due to detonation of a nuclear weapon at high altitude generating an EMP (HEMP) comprising E1, E2, and E3 component pulses. A plurality of shunting assemblies, each including transient voltage suppressors (TVSs), metal oxide varistors (MOVs), gas discharge tubes (GDTs), other mechanical, electrical and ionization discharge devices (IDDs) and combinations thereof of surge limiting technologies, are positioned intermediate a signal stream and a plurality of electronic device ports associated with a plurality of communication channels for sensing upstream of the communication channels an overvoltage associated with each of the E1, E2, and E3 components of the EMP and shunting the over-voltages to predetermined allowable levels within the predetermined time. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for suppressing an electrical surge induced by an electromagnetic pulse (“EMP”) generated by a nuclear weapon detonation from reaching a plurality of electronic devices associated with communication channels, said method comprising: shunting by a first shunting assembly a first overvoltage exceeding a first E1 predetermined threshold level by an E1 component pulse induced in a signal stream channel connected to a plurality of electronic device ports associated with a network to limit a level of said first overvoltage to a second E1 predetermined threshold level, said shunting occurring within less than one nanosecond after receiving the first overvoltage, wherein said first shunting assembly including transient voltage suppressors (TVSs), metal oxide varistors (MOVs), gas discharge tubes (GDTs), other mechanical, electrical and ionization discharge devices (IDDs) and combinations thereof of surge limiting technologies; shunting by a second shunting assembly a second overvoltage exceeding a first E2 predetermined threshold level by an E2 component pulse induced in a signal stream channel connected to a plurality of electronic device ports associated with a network to limit a level of said second overvoltage to a second E2 predetermined threshold level, wherein said second shunting assembly including transient voltage suppressors (TVSs), metal oxide varistors (MOVs), gas discharge tubes (GDTs}, other mechanical, electrical and ionization discharge devices (IDDs) and combinations thereof of surge limiting technologies; and shunting by a third shunting assembly a third overvoltage exceeding a first E3 predetermined threshold level by an E3 component pulse induced in a signal stream channel connected to a plurality of electronic device ports associated with a network to limit a level of said third overvoltage to a second predetermined threshold level, wherein the said third shunting assembly including transient voltage suppressors (TVSs), metal oxide varisiors (MOVs), gas discharge tubes (GDTs), other mechanical, electrical and ionization discharge devices (IDDs) and combinations thereof of surge limiting technologies. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method for suppressing an electrical surge as in claim 1, further comprising electrically interfacing said first, second, and third shunting assemblies intermediate the signal stream channel and the plurality of electronic devices associated with the network. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method for suppressing an electrical surge as in claim 1, wherein said shunting of first, second, and third over-voltages, respectively, does not cause operational degradation to said first, second, and third shunting assemblies, respectively. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method for suppressing an electrical surge as in claim 1, further comprising mounting respective shunting assemblies in a casing that is in hardware connection to multiple of said plurality of electronic device ports associated with the network. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method for suppressing an electrical surge as in claim 1, wherein said first, second, and third shunting assemblies include a hardware connection to said electronic device ports so as to shunt against high voltage transients induced by intentional electromagnetic interference not associated with an EMP from a nuclear detonation. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method for suppressing an electrical surge as in claim 1, wherein each of said first, second, and third shunting assemblies includes a plurality of shunting devices taken from a group including TVSs, MOVs, GDTs, other mechanical, electrical and IDDs, and combinations thereof. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The method for suppressing an electrical surge as in claim 6, wherein said first, second, and third shunting assemblies have varied response times and voltage levels, respectively, and are operable to react to one of said E1, E2, and E3 component pulses, respectively. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method for suppressing an electrical surge as in claim 1, wherein said first shunting assembly, said second shunting assembly, and said third shunting assembly are mounted in a casing operable for simultaneous direct hardware connection to the plurality of electronic devices associated with the communication channels. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method for suppressing an electrical surge as in claim 1, wherein said first, second, and third shunting assemblies are electrically connected to a multi-port protection system having a plurality of integrated input and output ports to directly connect to said plurality of electronic device ports associated with the network. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The surge suppression system as in claim 9, wherein said multi-port protection system is capable of direct connection to a multiport commercial switch having a set of Ethernet ports assembled in groups and multiple of said groups mounted on a switch panel. ### Claim 11 A surge suppression system for suppressing an electrical surge induced by an intentional electromagnetic interference and a natural space weather electromagnetic pulse from reaching a plurality of electronic device ports associated with a plurality of network communication channels, respectively, wherein each electronic device has a signal input port, said surge suppression system comprising: a first shunting assembly that includes TVSs, MOVs, GDTs, other mechanical, electrical and IDDs and combinations thereof that is operable to shunt a first overvoltage exceeding a first E1 predetermined threshold level by an E1 component pulse induced in a signal stream upstream of the plurality of electronic device ports associated with the plurality of network communication channels so as to decrease a level of said first overvoltage to a second E1 predetermined threshold level within less than one nanosecond after receiving said first overvoltage; wherein said first shunting assembly is electrically connected to a high frequency broadband multiport protection system and is operable for simultaneous direct hardware connection to multiple of the plurality of electronic device ports associated with the plurality of network communication channels such that impedance of said network communication channels is matched, insertion and reflection losses of said network communication channels are eliminated, and bandwidth and throughput of said network communication channels are preserved. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The surge suppression system as in claim 11, further comprising: a second shunting assembly including TVSs, MOVs, GDTs, other mechanical, electrical and IDDs and combinations thereof that is operable to shunt a second overvoltage exceeding a first E2 predetermined threshold level by an E2 component pulse induced in a signal stream upstream of the plurality of electronic devices associated with the plurality of network communication channels to decrease the level of said second overvoltage to a second E2 predetermined threshold level; and a third shunting assembly including TVSs, MOVs, GDTs, other mechanical, electrical and IDDs and combinations thereof that is operable to shunt a third overvoltage exceeding a first E3 predetermined threshold level by an E3 component pulse induced in a signal stream upstream of the plurality of electronic devices associated with the plurality of network communication channels to decrease the level of said third overvoltage to a second E3 predetermined threshold level. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The surge suppression system as in claim 12, wherein: said second shunting assembly is operable to shunt said second over-voltage within less than one microsecond after detection of said third overvoltage; and said third shunting assembly is operable to shunt said third over-voltage within less than one second after detection of said third overvoltage. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The surge suppression system as in claim 13, wherein said second shunting assembly and said third shunting assembly are electrically connected to said multiport protection system and operable for simultaneous direct hardware connection to multiple of the plurality of electronic devices associated with the plurality of network communication channels. ### Claim 15 (depends on 12) The surge suppression system as in claim 12, wherein said first shunting assembly, said second shunting assembly, and said third shunting assembly are positioned intermediate said signal stream and said plurality of said electronic devices associated with the plurality of network communication channels. ### Claim 16 (depends on 12) The surge suppression system as in claim 12, wherein said first shunting assembly, said second shunting assembly, and said third shunting assembly are simultaneously connected in line with said signal stream and said plurality of said electronic devices associated with the plurality of network communication channels. ### Claim 17 (depends on 12) The surge suppression system as in claim 12, wherein said first shunting assembly, said second shunting assembly, and said third shunting assembly are operable to react to a timing of the E1, E2, and E3 component pulses, respectively. ### Claim 18 (depends on 12) The surge suppression system as in claim 12, wherein said first shunting assembly, said second shunting assembly, and said third shunting assembly are operable to shunt said first, second, and third over-voltages, respectively, with minimal interference and degradation to any other shunting assembly. ### Claim 19 (depends on 12) The surge suppression system as in claim 12, wherein each of said first, second, and third shunting assemblies includes a plurality of shunting devices taken from a group including TVSs, MOVs, GDTs, other mechanical, electrical and IDDs and ionization discharge devices and combinations thereof. ### Claim 20 (depends on 12) The surge suppression system as in claim 12, wherein said first, second, and third shunting assemblies have varied reaction times and voltages, respectively, and are operable to react to one of said E1, E2, and E3 component pulses, respectively. ### Claim 21 (depends on 12) The surge suppression system as in claim 12, wherein said first, second, and third shunting assemblies are electrically connected to a printed circuit board of said multiport protection system so as to form transmission lines having an impedance that matches an impedance of said plurality of network communication channels and that preserve a transmission rate of said plurality of communication channels after connecting to said multi-port protection system. ### Claim 22 (depends on 12) The surge suppression system as in claim 12, wherein said sensing of said E1, E2, and E3 component pulses by said first, second, and third shunting assemblies, respectively, is used to record a time stamp associated with said transient suppression and shunting event and is used for notification about an occurrence of said transient suppression and shunting event, quality monitoring of the plurality of network communication channels associated with the multiport protective system and forensic analysis of the plurality of electronic device ports. ### Claim 23 (depends on 14) The surge suppression system as in claim 14, wherein said multiport protection system includes a plurality of integrated ports directly connected to said plurality of electronic device ports associated with said plurality of network communication channels, respectively. ### Claim 24 (depends on 11) The surge suppression system as in claim 11, wherein said multiport protection system is directly connectable to a multiport commercial device having a set of Ethernet ports assembled in groups and multiple of said groups mounted on multiple rows on a panel of the multiport commercial device. ### Claim 25 (depends on 11) The surge suppression system as in claim 11, wherein said multiport protection system is directly connectable to a multiport commercial device so as to eliminate a requirement for having output Ethernet ports sockets on the multiport protection system and additional connecting cables to said plurality of electronic device ports. ### Claim 26 (depends on 11) The surge suppression system as in claim 11, wherein said multiport protection system is directly connectable to a multiport commercial device so as to eliminate having additional Ethernet port socket-plug pair connections on the plurality of network communication channels and lowering an insertion loss of the multi-port protection system. ### Claim 27 (depends on 11) The surge suppression system as in claim 11, wherein said multiport protection system is directly connectable to a multiport commercial device and wherein said multiport protection system provides conductive connections for a shielding of network connecting cables to a chassis ground of said multiport commercial device. ### Claim 28 (depends on 11) The surge suppression system as in claim 11, wherein said multiport protection system is directly connectable to a multiport commercial device and wherein said multiport protection system provides interlocking Ethernet plugs and a secure mechanical bracket for connecting to said multiport commercial device. ### Claim 29 (depends on 11) The surge suppression system as in claim 11, wherein said multiport protection system is directly connectable to a multiport commercial device having Ethernet port plugs press-connected to semi-flexible edge segments of the printed circuit board of the said multiport protection system providing straight line connectivity to contact pins of each said Ethernet port plug, respectively, for eliminating soldering of the pins of said each Ethernet port plug, respectively, and minimizing changes of an impedance of the plurality of communication channels. ### Claim 30 (depends on 11) The surge suppression system as in claim 11, wherein said multiport protection system is directly connectable to a multiport device and wherein said multiport device has different types of commercial and custom-made ports respectively matched with the input and output connectors of said multi-port protection system.