Lignin based laser lithography process for fabricating 3D graphene electrode and method

Abstract

There is a method for forming a three dimensional or porous graphene electrode pattern on a substrate, the method including providing a substrate; coating the substrate with a lignin-polymer composite film; exposing a first part of the coated lignin-polymer composite film to a laser beam for transforming the first part into the graphene pattern; and removing a second part of the coated lignin-polymer composite film, which was not exposed to the laser beam, by placing the second part in water. The lignin-polymer composite film includes (1) a water-soluble alkaline lignin, (2) a polymer having bonding properties, and (3) a solvent, and an amount of the water-soluble alkaline lignin in the lignin-polymer composite film is between 5 and 60% by weight.

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