# US 11,445,421 B2 · Load balancing wireless access node usage based on active users

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- Number: US 11,445,421 B2
- Document ID: US11445421B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/999,898
- Filed: 2020-08-21
- Published: 2022-02-24
- Granted: 2022-09-13
- Earliest claimed: 2020-08-21
- Assignees: Sprint Communications Company L.P.
- Applicants: T-Mobile Innovations LLC
- Inventors: Sreekar Marupaduga
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11445421B2

## CPC

- H04W 76/27: Transitions between radio resource control [RRC] states
- H04W 8/04: Registration at HLR or HSS [Home Subscriber Server]
- H04W 28/0231: {based on communication conditions (dynamic wireless traffic scheduling definition based on channel quality criteria H04W72/54)}
- H04W 28/08: Load balancing or load distribution (transferring a connection for handling the traffic H04W36/22; wireless traffic scheduling H04W72/12)
- H04W 28/0865: {of different Radio Access Technologies [RATs], e.g. LTE® or Wi-Fi®}
- H04W 72/0453: Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
- H04W 28/0864: {of different hierarchy levels, e.g. Master Evolved Node B [MeNB] or Secondary Evolved node B [SeNB]}
- H04W 36/1443: {between licensed networks}
- Y02D 30/70: in wireless communication networks
- H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72)
- Y02D: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE

## Abstract

A wireless communication network to serve a wireless User Equipment (UE) with a wireless communication service over multiple wireless communication links. The wireless communication network comprises a primary access node, a first support access node, and a second support access node. The primary access node receives signal metrics for the support access nodes from the wireless UE, determines add thresholds for the support access nodes based on the amount of active UEs served by the primary access node, and converts the signal metrics for the support access nodes into add values for the support access nodes. When the add values are greater than the add thresholds, the primary access node signals the corresponding ones of the support access nodes to serve the wireless UE. The corresponding ones of the support access nodes exchange user data with the wireless UE.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of operating a wireless communication network to serve a wireless User Equipment (UE) with a wireless communication service over multiple wireless communication links, the method comprising:
a Primary Access (P1) node wirelessly receiving signal metrics for a First Support Access (S1) node and signal metrics for a Second Support Access (S2) node from the wireless UE, determining a First Add Threshold (S1TH) for the S1 node based on an amount of active wireless UEs served by the P1 node, determining a Second Add Threshold (S2TH) for the S2 node based on the amount of active wireless UEs served by the P1 node, converting the signal metrics for the S1 node into a First Add Value (S1AV) for the S1 node, converting the signal metrics for the S2 node into a Second Add Value (S2AV) for the S2 node, determining when the S1AV is greater than the S1TH, and determining when the S2AV is greater than the S2TH;
the P1 node signaling the S1 node to serve the wireless UE and signaling the wireless UE to attach to the S1 node when the S1AV is greater than the S1TH, and signaling the S2 node to serve the wireless UE and signaling the wireless UE to attach to the S2 node when the S2AV is greater than the S2TH;
the S1 node wirelessly transferring user data for the wireless communication service to the wireless UE responsive to the signaling from the P1 node;
the S2 node wirelessly transferring user data for the wireless communication service to the wireless UE responsive to the signaling from the P1 node;
the P1 node determining a First Drop Threshold (S1DT) for the S1 node based on the amount of active wireless UEs served by the P1 node, determining a Second Drop Threshold (S2DT) for the S2 node based on the amount of active wireless UEs served by the P1 node, receiving subsequent signal metrics for the S1 node from the wireless UE, receiving subsequent signal metrics for the S2 node from the wireless UE, converting the subsequent signal metrics for the S1 node into a First Drop Value (S1DV) for the S1 node, converting the subsequent signal metrics for the S2 node into a Second Drop Value (S2DV) for the S2 node, determining when the S1DV exceeds the S1DT, and determining when the S2DV exceeds the S2DT;
the P1 node signaling the S1 node to stop serving the wireless UE and signaling the wireless UE to detach from the S1 node when the S1DV exceeds the S1DT and signaling the S2 node to stop serving the wireless UE and signaling the wireless UE to detach from the S2 node when the S2DV exceeds the S2DT;
the S1 node stopping the wireless transfer of the user data for the wireless communication service to the wireless UE responsive to the subsequent signaling from the P1 node; and
the S2 node stopping the wireless transfer of the user data for the wireless communication service to the wireless UE responsive to the subsequent signaling from the P1 node.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein:
the P1 node determining the S1TH comprises determining the S1TH based on the amount of active wireless UEs served by the P1 node and a frequency band of the S1 node;
the P1 node determining the S2TH comprises determining the S2TH based on the amount of active wireless UEs served by the P1 node and a frequency band of the S2 node; and
wherein the frequency band of the S1 node and the frequency band of the S2 node comprise non-overlapping frequency bands.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The method of claim 2 wherein:
the P1 node determining the S1TH comprises determining the S1TH based on the amount of active wireless UEs served by the P1 node and a channel size of the frequency band of the S1 node;
the P1 node determining the S2TH comprises determining the S2TH based on the amount of active wireless UEs served by the P1 node and a channel size of the frequency band of the S2 node; and
wherein the channel size of the frequency band of the S1 node and the channel size of the frequency band of the S2 node comprise different channel sizes.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein:
the P1 node determining the S1TH and the S2TH, determining the S1AV and the S2AV, determining when the S1AV is greater than the S1TH and when the S2AV is greater than the S2TH, signaling the S1 node and the S2 node, and signaling the wireless UE comprises a Fifth Generation New Radio (5GNR) access node determining the S1TH and the S2TH, determining the S1AV and the S2AV, determining when the S1AV is greater than the S1TH and when the S2AV is greater than the S2TH, signaling the S1 node and the S2 node, and signaling the wireless UE;
the S1 node wirelessly transferring the user data comprises a Fifth Generation Radio Access Technology (5G RAT) access node wirelessly transferring 5G RAT data; and
the S2 node wirelessly transferring the user data comprises a Millimeter Wave (MMW) access node wirelessly transferring MMW data.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The method of claim 4 wherein the 5GNR access node determining the S1TH and the S2TH, determining the S1AV and the S2AV, determining when the S1AV is greater than the S1TH and when the S2AV is greater than the S2TH, signaling the S1 node and the S2 node, and signaling the wireless UE comprises the 5GNR access node executing a Radio Resource Control (RRC) and the RRC determining the S1TH and the S2TH, determining the S1AV and the S2AV, determining when the S1AV is greater than the S1TH and when the S2AV is greater than the S2TH, signaling the 5G RAT access node and the MMW node, and signaling the wireless UE.

### Claim 6 (depends on 4)

The method of claim 4 wherein:
the S1TH for the 5G RAT access node comprises a first Inter Radio Access Technology (inter-RAT) add threshold;
the S2TH for the MMW access node comprises a second inter-RAT add threshold; and
wherein the first inter-Rat add threshold and the second inter-RAT add threshold comprise different threshold values.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein:
the P1 access node determining the S1TH and the S2TH, determining the S1AV and the S2AV, determining when the S1AV is greater than the S1TH and when the S2AV is greater than the S2TH, signaling the S1 node and the S2 node, and signaling the wireless UE comprises an LTE access node determining the S1TH and the S2TH, determining the S1AV and the S2AV, determining when the S1AV is greater than the S1TH and when the S2AV is greater than the S2TH, signaling the S1 node and the S2 node, and signaling the wireless UE;
the S1 node wirelessly transferring the user data comprises a 5GNR access node wirelessly transferring 5GNR user data; and
the S2 node wirelessly transferring the user data comprises a Millimeter Wave (MMW) access node wirelessly transferring MMW user data.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The method of claim 7 wherein the LTE access node determining the S1TH and the S2TH, determining the S1AV and the S2AV, determining when the S1AV is greater than the S1TH and when the S2AV is greater than the S2TH, signaling the 5GNR access node and the MMW access node, and signaling the wireless UE comprises the LTE access node executing a RRC and the RRC determining the determining the S1TH and the S2TH, determining the S1AV and the S2AV, determining when the S1AV is greater than the S1TH and when the S2AV is greater than the S2TH, signaling the 5GNR access node and the MMW access node, and signaling the wireless UE.

### Claim 9 (depends on 7)

The method of claim 7 wherein:
the S1TH for the 5GNR access node comprises a first Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network Dual Connectivity (EN-DC) B1 add threshold;
the S2TH for the MMW access node comprises a second EN-DC B1 add threshold; and
wherein the first EN-DC B1 add threshold and the second EN-DC B1 add threshold comprise different add threshold values.

### Claim 10

A wireless communication network to serve a wireless User Equipment (UE) with a wireless communication service over multiple wireless communication links, the wireless communication network comprising:
a Primary Access (P1) node configured to wirelessly receive signal metrics for a First Support Access (S1) node and signal metrics for a Second Support Access (S2) node from the wireless UE, determine a First Add Threshold (S1TH) for the S1 node based on an amount of active wireless UEs served by the P1 node, determine a Second Add Threshold (S2TH) for the S2 node based on the amount of active wireless UEs served by the P1 node, convert the signal metrics for the S1 node into a First Add Value (S1AV) for the S1 node, convert the signal metrics for the S2 node into a Second Add Value (S2AV) for the S2 node, determine when the S1AV is greater than the S1TH, and determine when the S2AV is greater than the S2TH;
the P1 node configured to signal the S1 node to serve the wireless UE and signal the wireless UE to attach to the S1 node when the S1AV is greater than the S1TH, and signal the S2 node to serve the wireless UE and signal the wireless UE to attach to the S2 node when the S2AV is greater than the S2TH;
the S1 node configured to wirelessly transfer user data for the wireless communication service to the wireless UE responsive to the signal from the P1 node;
the S2 node configured to wirelessly transfer user data for the wireless communication service to the wireless UE responsive to the signal from the P1;
the P1 node configured to determine a First Drop Threshold (S1DT) for the S1 node based on the amount of active wireless UEs served by the P1 node, determine a Second Drop Threshold (S2DT) for the S2 node based on the amount of active wireless UEs served by the P1 node, receive subsequent signal metrics for the S1 node from the wireless UE, receive subsequent signal metrics for the S2 node from the wireless UE, convert the subsequent signal metrics for the S1 node into a First Drop Value (S1DV) for the S1 node, convert the subsequent signal metrics for the S2 node into a Second Drop Value (S2DV) for the S2 node, determine when the S1DV exceeds the S1DT, and determine when the S2DV exceeds the S2DT;
the P1 node configured to signal the S1 node to stop serving the wireless UE and signal the wireless UE to detach from the S1 node when the S1DV exceeds the S1DT, and signal the S2 node to stop serving the wireless UE and signal the wireless UE to detach from the S2 node when the S2DV exceeds the S2DT;
the S1 node configured to stop the wireless transfer of the user data for the wireless communication service to the wireless UE responsive to the subsequent signal from the P1 node; and
the S2 node configured to stop the wireless transfer of the user data for the wireless communication service to the wireless UE responsive to the subsequent signal from the P1 node.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The wireless communication network of claim 10 wherein:
the P1 node configured to determine the S1TH based on the amount of active wireless UEs served by the P1 node and a frequency band of the S1 node;
the P1 node configured to determine the S2TH based on the amount of active wireless UEs served by the P1 node and a frequency band of the S2 node; and
wherein the frequency band of the S1 node and the frequency band of the S2 node comprise non-overlapping frequency bands.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The wireless communication network of claim 11 wherein:
the P1 node configured to determine the S1TH based on the amount of active wireless UEs served by the P1 node and a channel size of the frequency band of the S1 node;
the P1 node configured to determine the S2TH based on the amount of active wireless UEs served by the P1 node and a channel size of the frequency band of the S2 node; and
wherein the channel size of the frequency band of the S1 node and the channel size of the frequency band of the S2 node comprise different channel sizes.

### Claim 13 (depends on 10)

The wireless communication network of claim 10 wherein:
the P1 node configured to determine the S1TH and the S2TH, determine the S1AV and the S2AV, determine when the S1AV is greater than the S1TH and when the S2AV is greater than the S2TH, signal the S1 node and the S2 node, and signal the wireless UE comprises a Fifth Generation New Radio (5GNR) access node configured to determine the S1TH and the S2TH, determine the S1AV and the S2AV, determine when the S1AV is greater than the S1TH and when the S2AV is greater than the S2TH, signal the S1 node and the S2 node, and signal the wireless UE;
the S1 node configured to wirelessly transfer the user data comprises a Fifth Generation Radio Access Technology (5G RAT) access node configured to wirelessly transfer 5G RAT user data; and
the S2 node configured to wirelessly transfer the user data comprises a Millimeter Wave (MMW) access node configured to wirelessly transfer MMW user data.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The wireless communication network of claim 13 wherein the 5GNR access node configured to determine the S1TH and the S2TH, determine the S1AV and the S2AV, determine when the S1AV is greater than the S1TH and when the S2AV is greater than the S2TH, signal the 5G RAT node and the MMW node, and signal the wireless UE comprises the 5GNR access node configured to execute a Radio Resource Control (RRC) and the RRC configured to determine the S1TH and the S2TH, determine the S1AV and the S2AV, determine when the S1AV is greater that the S1TH and when the S2AV is greater than the S2TH, signal the 5GNR RAT access node and the MMW access node, and signal the wireless UE.

### Claim 15 (depends on 13)

The wireless communication network of claim 13 wherein:
the S1TH for the 5G RAT access node comprises a first Inter Radio Access Technology (inter-RAT) add threshold;
the S2TH for the MMW access node comprises a second inter-RAT add threshold; and
wherein the first inter-RAT add threshold and the second inter-RAT add threshold comprise different add threshold values.

### Claim 16 (depends on 10)

The wireless communication network of claim 10 wherein:
the P1 node configured to determine the S1TH and the S2TH, determine the S1AV and the S2AV, determine when the S1AV is greater than the S1TH and when the S2AV is greater than the S2TH, signal the S1 node and the S2 node, and signal the wireless UE comprises an LTE access node configured to determine the S1TH and the S2TH, determine the S1AV and the S2AV, determine when the S1AV is greater than the S1TH and when the S2AV is greater than the S2TH, signal the S1 node and the S2 node, and signal the wireless UE;
the S1 node configured to wirelessly transfer the user data comprises a 5GNR access node configured to wirelessly transfer 5GNR user data; and
the S2 node configured to wirelessly transfer the user data comprises a Millimeter Wave (MMW) access node configured to wirelessly transfer MMW user data.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The wireless communication network of claim 16 wherein the LTE access node configured to determine the S1TH and the S2TH, determine the S1AV and the S2AV, determine when the S1AV is greater than the S1TH and when the S2AV is greater than the S2TH, signal the 5GNR access node and the MMW access node, and signal the wireless UE comprises the LTE access node configured to execute a RRC and the RRC configured to determine the S1TH and the S2TH, determine the S1AV and the S2AV, determine when the S1AV is greater than the S1TH and when S2AV is greater than the S2TH, signal the 5GNR access node and the MMW access node, and signal the wireless UE.

### Claim 18 (depends on 16)

The wireless communication network of claim 16 wherein:
the S1TH for the 5GNR access node comprises a first Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network Dual Connectivity (EN-DC) B1 add threshold;
the S2TH for the MMW access node comprises a second EN-DC B1 add threshold; and
wherein the first EN-DC B1 add threshold and the second EN-DC B1 add threshold comprise different add threshold values.