# US 11,444,768 B2 · Systems and methods for managing networked commitments of secure entities > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,444,768 B2 - Document ID: US11444768B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/894,961 - Filed: 2020-06-08 - Published: 2020-11-26 - Granted: 2022-09-13 - Earliest claimed: 2015-01-30 - Assignees: Enrico Maim - Applicants: Enrico Maim - Inventors: Enrico Maim - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11444768B2 ## CPC - H04L 9/32: including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system {or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials} - G06F 21/31: User authentication - G06F 21/51: at application loading time, e.g. accepting, rejecting, starting or inhibiting executable software based on integrity or source reliability - G06F 21/57: Certifying or maintaining trusted computer platforms, e.g. secure boots or power-downs, version controls, system software checks, secure updates or assessing vulnerabilities - G06F 21/6254: {by anonymising data, e.g. decorrelating personal data from the owner's identification} - G06Q 20/065: {using e-cash} - H04L 9/0643: {Hash functions, e.g. MD5, SHA, HMAC or f9 MAC} - G06F 21/34: involving the use of external additional devices, e.g. dongles or smart cards - G06Q 20/223: {based on the use of peer-to-peer networks} - H04L 9/3218: {using proof of knowledge, e.g. Fiat-Shamir, GQ, Schnorr, ornon-interactive zero-knowledge proofs} - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) - G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N) - G06Q: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR ## Abstract The invention relates to a method of managing commitments between entities forming the nodes of a network, each entity being housed in a computer processing unit, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: establishing commitments (ENij) between commitment provider entities (Ei) and commitment beneficiary entities (Ej), one and the same entity being able to be both a commitment provider in relation to one or more other commitment beneficiary entities and a commitment beneficiary in relation to other commitment provider entities, upon the default of an commitment on the part of a defaulting commitment provider entity, noted from a beneficiary entity benefiting from this same commitment, communicating to the provider entity from said beneficiary entity, and at least one other entity (upstream entity) whose defaulting provider entity is beneficiary, an indication of default of a commitment, and, in response to this communication, altering at least one commitment whose defaulting provider entity is beneficiary. The invention is also aimed at various systems and methods capable, in a secure manner, of implementing programs or commitments which are executable at the level of a set of nodes of a network, for various applications. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A system for certifying goods in a logistic or transformation chain, wherein a tag capable of containing certifications performed at different stages of the chain is associated to respective goods, the system comprising: a set of pieces of equipment that each include a processor and are distributed on the chain and each being configured with a wallet node (WN), and in that the wallet nodes each comprises a wallet program (WP) that is configured to cause the processors of the equipment to securely perform: a transfer of tag ownership from an owning wallet node (OWN) to another wallet node, where only one wallet node can own a tag at a given time, a transfer of tag control from a so called viewing wallet node (VWN) to another wallet node, wherein only one wallet node can control a tag a given time, so as to certify both the authenticity of a good and its location in the chain. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein a given viewing wallet node of a tag is capable of responding to a query by generating a message containing information representative of the fact that the tag is under control of said viewing wallet node, of the identity of an initial owning wallet node, of the identity of an wallet node from which the control of said tag was transferred, and the status of control requests by other wallet nodes. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein at least certain tags are associated with a non-physical resource and each contain a priority timestamp giving it priority, the content of each tag being stored in a publicly accessible register. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The system according to claim 3, wherein the publicly accessible register is a distributed hash table (DHT). ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein a wallet node owning a tag is capable of storing an address of the current viewing wallet node. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The system according to claim 5, wherein the address of the current viewing wallet node is store in the tag. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein the tags can be modified to include further certifications. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein at least certain certifications are capable of certifying predefined transformations of the respective goods. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein each tag contains the address of the wallet node currently owning the tag. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein at least certain tags are contained in labels attached to physical products, each label bearing a machine-readable code derived from the tag content. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein at least certain tags are in the form of metadata associated with a created non-material resource such as a document, file, group of files, etc., to identify it, to detect illicit reproductions or uses, etc. ### Claim 12 A system for certifying goods in a logistic or transformation chain, wherein a tag capable of containing certifications performed at different stages of the chain is associated to each good, the system comprising: an equipment including a storage device for storing in a tag data that are uniquely representative of physical, chemical or optical properties of the good on the basis of a corresponding analysis at said equipment of a region of the good where the tag is affixed, these data being subsequently accessible in order to check whether the tag has remained associated with the same good on the basis of identical or equivalent analyses. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The system according to claim 12, wherein the analysis is performed with a portable device, and further comprising means for positioning the portable device in a reference position relative to the good when the analysis is made with the device. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The system according to claim 13, wherein said analysis comprises an image analysis of a picture taken with a camera of said portable device. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The system according to claim 13, wherein said analysis comprises a molecular analysis by near infrared spectroscopy.