# US 11,444,718 B2 · Optical line terminal and optical fiber access system with increased capacity > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,444,718 B2 - Document ID: US11444718B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/644,110 - Filed: 2018-09-05 - Published: 2020-07-02 - Granted: 2022-09-13 - Earliest claimed: 2017-09-05 - Assignees: Danmarks Tekniske Universitet - Applicants: Danmarks Tekniske Universitet - Inventors: Pengyu Guan; Leif Katsuo Oxenløwe - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11444718B2 ## CPC - H04J 14/0223: {Conversion to or from optical TDM} - H04J 14/0209: {Multi-stage arrangements, e.g. by cascading multiplexers or demultiplexers} - H04J 14/0246: {using one wavelength per ONU} - H04J 14/0267: {Optical signaling or routing} - H04J: MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION (transmission in general H04B; peculiar to transmission of digital information H04L5/00; systems for the simultaneous or sequential transmission of more than one television signal H04N7/08; in exchanges H04Q11/00; stereophonic systems H04S) ## Abstract The present disclosure relates to an optical fiber access system based on passive optical networks. In particular the present disclosure relates to a PON system with increased capacity and a method for increasing the capacity in a PON system. One embodiment relates to an optical line terminal for a passive optical network, comprising at least one transmitter for generating a time division multiplexed (TDM) downstream optical data signal, a first time lens optical signal processor configured to convert the downstream TDM signal to a downstream WDM signal for distribution to a plurality of users, and at least one receiver for receiving and processing an upstream signal from said users. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An optical line terminal for a passive optical network, comprising at least one transmitter at the optical line terminal of the passive optical network, the transmitter configured to generate a time division multiplexed (TDM) downstream optical data signal comprising a number of channels that are separated in time t with separation Δt, a first time lens optical signal processor at the optical line terminal, the first time lens optical signal processor comprising two phase modulation stages with chirp rate K=1/D separated by a dispersive medium with dispersion D=β2L in a K-D-K configuration, wherein β2 is the 2nd order dispersion and L is the length of the dispersive medium, such that the first time lens optical signal processor is configured to convert the downstream TDM optical data signal to a downstream wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical data signal by means of optical Fourier transformation such that the temporal profile of the downstream TDM optical data signal is transferred into the frequency domain of the downstream WDM optical data signal, said downstream WDM optical data signal for distribution to a plurality of users via passive demultiplexing in the passive optical network, wherein a scaling factor between the downstream TDM optical data signal in the time domain and the downstream WDM optical data signal in the frequency domain is determined by the chirp rate K of the phase modulation stages according to Δt=2πΔf/K such that the downstream WDM optical data signal, converted by the first time lens optical signal processor, comprises at least the same number of channels as the downstream TDM optical data signal, but the channels of the downstream WDM optical data signal are separated in frequency f with separation Δf=Δt·K/2π, and at least one receiver at the optical line terminal for receiving and processing an upstream signal from said users, said upstream signal distributed over the passive optical network. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The optical line terminal according to claim 1, further comprising a second time lens optical signal processor configured to convert an upstream WDM signal received from said users to an upstream TDM signal, and at least one TDM receiver for demultiplexing and processing the upstream TDM signal. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The optical line terminal according to claim 2, wherein the second time lens optical signal processor comprises a second phase modulation element with chirp rate K=1/D followed by a dispersive medium with dispersion D=β2L. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The optical line terminal according to claim 3, wherein a predefined minimum amount of guard interval is provided in the time domain of the downstream TDM signal, the predefined minimum amount of guard interval is related to the signal bandwidth Δλ, the dispersion D, and the gap between a phase modulation (PM) windows Tg, according to GI ≥ 2 ⁢ π ⁢ ⁢ c λ 2 ⁢ D ⁢ ⁢ Δλ + T g where c is the speed of the light and λ is the signal wavelength. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The optical line terminal according to claim 3, wherein the first phase modulation element is a quadratic phase modulation element, and/or wherein the second phase modulation element is a quadratic phase modulation element. ### Claim 6 (depends on 2) The optical line terminal according to claim 2, wherein the second time lens optical signal processor comprises two phase modulation stages separated by a dispersive medium in a K-D-K configuration. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The optical line terminal according to claim 1, wherein δφ=K1t2/2 in the first phase modulation stage with linear chirp rate K1, δφ=K2t2/2 in second phase modulation stage with linear chirp rate K2, and wherein D=β2L in the dispersion medium where β2 is the 2nd order dispersion and L is the length, such that K1=K2=1/D. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The optical line terminal according to claim 1, wherein the transmitter comprises a multi-wavelength time and wavelength division multiplexed array configured to generate a time division multiplexed downstream optical signal at M different wavelengths, and where M is less than the number N of signal wavelengths in the downstream WDM signal. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7) The optical line terminal according to claim 7, wherein the receiver comprises a multi-wavelength time and wavelength division multiplexed array configured to receive and process a time division multiplexed upstream optical signal at M different wavelengths. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The optical line terminal according to claim 1, wherein the receiver is configured to receive and process a time division multiplexed upstream optical signal at a single predefined wavelength. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) A passive optical network (PON) system comprising the optical line terminal according to claim 1. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The PON system according to claim 11, further comprising an optical fiber infrastructure for distributing the downstream and upstream signals, and at least one remote node for splitting the downstream WDM signal into separate wavelength signals. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The PON system according to claim 11, wherein the at least one remote node is configured for combining upstream separate wavelength signals into an upstream WDM signal. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The PON system according to claim 11, further comprising separate ONU transmitters located at each user and configured to generate separate wavelength upstream signals that can be combined to a one or more upstream WDM signals. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The PON system according to claim 11, further comprising separate ONU transmitters located at each user and configured to generate upstream signals at one predefined wavelength that can be combined to one or more upstream TDM signals. ### Claim 16 (depends on 11) The PON system according to claim 11, wherein each network line between the remote node(s) and the separate ONUs comprises an optical splitter for separating the upstream signal at said predefined wavelength from the downstream separate wavelength signals. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The optical line terminal according to claim 1, wherein the two phase modulation stages are quadratic phase modulation stages. ### Claim 18 A method for generating a downstream wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical signal for use in a passive optical network system, comprising the steps of generating a time division multiplexed (TDM) downstream optical data signal by means of at least one transmitter at an optical line terminal of the passive optical network, the TDM signal comprising a number of channels that are separated in time t with separation Δt, and converting the TDM signal to a downstream WDM signal for distribution to a plurality of users via passive demultiplexing in the passive optical network by means of a first time lens optical signal processor, wherein the first time lens optical signal processor comprises two phase modulation stages separated by a dispersive medium in a K-D-K configuration, wherein δφ=K1t2/2 in the first phase modulation stage with linear chirp rate K1, δφ=K2t2/2 in second phase modulation stage with linear chirp rate K2, and wherein D=β2L in the dispersion medium where β2 is the 2nd order dispersion and L is the length of the dispersive medium, such that K1=K2=1/D, wherein a scaling factor between the TDM signal in the time domain and the WDM signal in the frequency domain is determined by the chirp rate K of the phase modulation stages according to Δt=2πΔf/K such that the downstream WDM optical data signal, converted by the first time lens optical signal processor, comprises at least the same number of channels as the downstream TDM optical data signal, but the channels of the downstream WDM signal are separated in frequency f with separation Δf=Δt·K/2π.