# US 11,444,659 B2 · Melt with reverse power feed > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,444,659 B2 - Document ID: US11444659B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/159,933 - Filed: 2021-01-27 - Published: 2021-08-05 - Granted: 2022-09-13 - Earliest claimed: 2020-01-30 - Assignees: Nokia Solutions and Networks Oy - Applicants: Nokia Solutions and Networks Oy - Inventors: Berten Smits; Edmond Op De Beeck - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11444659B2 ## CPC - H04B 3/46: Monitoring; Testing - H04B 3/54: Systems for transmission via power distribution lines - H04M 11/062: {using different frequency bands for speech and other data} - H04B: TRANSMISSION - H04M: TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION (circuits for controlling other apparatus via a telephone cable and not involving telephone switching apparatus G08) ## Abstract The present document discloses network nodes and apparatuses deployable in network systems. The network node may be coupleable via a transmission line to the apparatus. In particular, the network node may comprise means for receiving supply power from the apparatus via the transmission line; performing a line measurement on the transmission line; and signaling to the apparatus to disconnect from the transmission line, wherein the means may be further configured to perform the line measurement on the transmission line during a period of time when the apparatus is disconnected from the transmission line. The apparatus may comprise means for providing supply power to the network node; monitoring at least one electrical parameter of the transmission line; and disconnecting the apparatus from the transmission line if a predetermined line condition or a power violation is detected such that the network node can perform a measurement on the transmission line. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A network node, comprising: at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the network node at least to perform: receiving supply power from an apparatus via a transmission line; performing a line measurement on the transmission line during a period of time when the apparatus is disconnected from the transmission line; signaling to the apparatus to disconnect from the transmission line; and applying an invalid or no predefined signature to the transmission line or violating a power constraint for drawing supply power provided from the apparatus. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The network node of claim 1, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the network node at least to apply the invalid or no predefined signature to the transmission line prior to or during a start-up phase of the reception of the supply power from the apparatus. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The network node of claim 1, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the network node at least to perform the violation of the power constraint during an operational phase of the network node and reception of the supply power from the apparatus. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The network node of claim 1, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the network node at least to perform violation of the power constraint by drawing a current below or above a predefined limit from the transmission line. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The network node of claim 4, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the network node at least to perform violation of the power constraint during an operational phase of the network node and reception of the supply power from the apparatus. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The network node of claim 1, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the network node at least to further perform: detecting disconnection of the apparatus from the transmission line by monitoring a quantity indicative of a voltage on the transmission line. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The network node of claim 1, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the network node at least to further perform: signaling to the apparatus via the transmission line for reconnecting the apparatus back to the transmission line. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The network node of claim 7, wherein, for signaling to the apparatus via the transmission line for reconnecting the apparatus back to the transmission line, the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the network node at least to further perform: applying to the transmission line at least one of an alternating current signal or a predetermined direct current voltage. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The network node of claim 1, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the network node at least to further perform: communicating with an end user device via a communications network over the transmission line. ### Claim 10 An apparatus, comprising: at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code being configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform: providing supply power to a network node coupleable to the apparatus via a transmission line; monitoring at least one electrical parameter of the transmission line; and disconnecting the apparatus from the transmission line if a predetermined line condition or a power violation is detected such that the network node can perform a measurement on the transmission line, wherein the predetermined line condition comprises an invalid or absent predefined signature of the network node, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to detect the predetermined line condition prior to or during a start-up phase prior to the provision of supply power to the network node. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein, for monitoring the at least one electrical parameter of the transmission line, the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to further perform: applying a predetermined voltage on the transmission line; and measuring a quantity indicative of an impedance or current on the transmission line. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to detect the power violation during an operational phase of the apparatus and the provision of supply power to the network node. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the power violation comprises a current drawn by the network node below or above a predefined limit. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to detect the power violation during an operational phase of the apparatus and the provision of supply power to the network node. ### Claim 15 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein, for disconnecting the apparatus from the transmission line, the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to further perform: ceasing to provide supply power to the network node; and providing a sufficiently high impedance on the transmission line so as not to impact the line measurement. ### Claim 16 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to further perform: disconnecting the apparatus from the transmission line for a predefined period of time and reconnecting back to the transmission line after expiration of the predefined period of time. ### Claim 17 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to further perform: monitoring at least one second electrical parameter of the transmission line after the apparatus is disconnected from the transmission line; and reconnecting, if a further predetermined line condition is detected by the apparatus by monitoring at least one second electrical parameter of the transmission line, the apparatus back to the transmission line, wherein the further predetermined line condition comprises at least one of an alternating current signal or a predetermined direct current voltage. ### Claim 18 An end user device comprising: at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code being configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the end user device at least to perform: providing supply power to a network node coupleable to the end user device via a transmission line; monitoring at least one electrical parameter of the transmission line; and disconnecting the end user device from the transmission line if a predetermined line condition or a power violation is detected such that the network node can perform a measurement on the transmission line, wherein the predetermined line condition comprises an invalid or absent predefined signature of the network node, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the end user device at least to detect the predetermined line condition prior to or during a start-up phase prior to the provision of supply power to the network node. ### Claim 19 A method for operating a network node, comprising: receiving, by the network node, supply power from an apparatus coupled to the network node via a transmission line; performing, by the network node, a line measurement on the transmission line during a period of time when the apparatus is disconnected from the transmission line; signaling, by the network node to the apparatus, to disconnect from the transmission line; and applying, by the network node, an invalid or no predefined signature to the transmission line or violating, by the network node, a power constraint for drawing supply power provided from the apparatus. ### Claim 20 A method for operating an apparatus, comprising: providing, by the apparatus, supply power to a network node coupled to the apparatus via a transmission line; monitoring, by the apparatus, at least one electrical parameter of the transmission line; and disconnecting, by the apparatus, the apparatus from the transmission line if a predetermined line condition or a power violation is detected such that the network node can perform a measurement on the transmission line, wherein the predetermined line condition comprises an invalid or absent predefined signature of the network node, wherein the predetermined line condition is detected prior to or during a start-up phase prior to the provision of supply power to the network node.