# US 11,444,563 B2 · Motor drive > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,444,563 B2 - Document ID: US11444563B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/146,600 - Filed: 2021-01-12 - Published: 2021-09-16 - Granted: 2022-09-13 - Earliest claimed: 2020-03-13 - Assignees: Goodrich Control Systems Limited - Applicants: Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation - Inventors: Jaspreet Kaur Mann - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11444563B2 ## CPC - H02M 5/458: using semiconductor devices only - H02P 23/0022: {Model reference adaptation, e.g. MRAS or MRAC, useful for control or parameter estimation} - G01R 27/2605: {Measuring capacitance (capacitive sensors G01D5/24)} - G01R 31/64: Testing of capacitors - H02P 27/06: using DC to AC converters or inverters (H02P27/05 takes precedence) - G01R 31/42: AC power supplies - H02P 2201/03: AC-DC converter stage controlled to provide a defined DC link voltage - H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P) - H02P: CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS - G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12) ## Abstract A motor drive comprises a rectifier arranged to receive an externally supplied AC voltage and to generate a DC bus voltage. An inverter is arranged to receive the DC bus voltage and to generate an AC output voltage for supply to an external load. A DC bus portion is connected between the rectifier and the inverter. The DC bus comprises first and second conductors, wherein an inductor is connected in series along the first conductor between the rectifier and the inverter. A DC link capacitor is connected in parallel between the conductors. A controller is arranged to supply a plurality of perturbation signals at a first node between the rectifier circuit portion and the DC bus portion, to measure a respective response signal at a second node between the DC bus and the inverter and is is arranged to generate a parameterised model of a transfer function of the DC. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A motor drive comprising: a rectifier circuit portion arranged to receive an externally supplied AC voltage and to generate a DC bus voltage therefrom; an inverter circuit portion arranged to receive the DC bus voltage and to generate an AC output voltage therefrom for supply to an external load; a DC bus portion connected between said rectifier and inverter circuit portions, said DC bus portion comprising first and second conductors, wherein an inductor is connected in series along the first conductor between said rectifier and inverter circuit portions, and wherein a DC link capacitor is connected in parallel between the first and second conductors; and a controller arranged to supply a plurality of perturbation signals at a first node between the rectifier circuit portion and the DC bus portion, and to measure a respective response signal, for each perturbation signal, at a second node between the DC bus portion and the inverter circuit portion; wherein the controller is arranged to generate a parameterised model of a transfer function of the DC bus portion from said perturbation and response signals and to extract an estimated capacitance of the DC link capacitor from said parameterised model. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The motor drive as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of perturbation signals comprise sinusoidal signals, optionally wherein each of the perturbation signals comprises a sinusoidal signal having a different frequency, further optionally wherein the frequencies of the perturbation signals are a power of two. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The motor drive as claimed in claim 1, wherein an amplitude of each perturbation signal is less than 30 V. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The motor drive as claimed in claim 1, wherein fewer than twenty perturbation signals are used, optionally wherein fewer than fifteen perturbation signals are used, further optionally wherein ten or fewer perturbation signals are used. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The motor drive as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller is arranged to carry out Frequency Response Function (FRF) measurements. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The motor drive as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller uses IQ demodulation, said controller being arranged to generate in-phase and quadrature sequences for each perturbation signal and to determine in-phase and quadrature sequences for each respective response signal. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The motor drive as claimed in claim 1, wherein the parametrised model comprises a ratio of frequency-dependent complex polynomials. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The motor drive as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller is arranged to minimise an error between the parametrised model and the transfer function. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The motor drive as claimed in claim 8, wherein the controller is arranged to linearise a cost function used to minimise the error between the parametrised model and the transfer function. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The motor drive as claimed in claim 9, wherein the controller modifies the cost function using a weighting function. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The motor drive as claimed in claim 10, wherein the weighting function comprises the denominator of the ratio of frequency-dependent complex polynomials. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) The motor drive as claimed in claim 8, wherein the controller is arranged to determine a relative error function. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The motor drive as claimed in claim 12, wherein the controller is arranged to minimise the relative error between the measured transfer function and the parameterised model generated by the controller. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The motor drive as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller is arranged to carry out an iterative computation process to fit the parametrised model to the measured transfer function. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The motor drive as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller comprises a start-up built-in test (SBIT) controller. ### Claim 16 A method of estimating a capacitance of a DC link capacitor within a DC bus portion of a motor drive, wherein the DC bus portion comprises an inductor and the DC link capacitor, the method comprising: supplying a plurality of perturbation signals at a first node between a rectifier circuit portion and the DC bus portion; for each perturbation signal, measuring a respective response signal at a second node between the DC bus portion and the inverter circuit portion; generating a parameterised model of a transfer function of the DC bus portion from said perturbation and response signals; and extracting an estimated capacitance of the DC link capacitor from said parameterised model. ### Claim 17 A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to carry out a method of estimating a capacitance of a DC link capacitor within a DC bus portion of a motor drive, wherein the DC bus portion comprises an inductor and the DC link capacitor, the method comprising: supplying a plurality of perturbation signals, each having a respective frequency, at a first node between a rectifier circuit portion and the DC bus portion; for each perturbation signal, measuring a respective response signal at a second node between the DC bus portion and the inverter circuit portion; generating a parameterised model of a transfer function of the DC bus portion from said perturbation and response signals; and extracting an estimated capacitance of the DC link capacitor from said parameterised model.