# US 11,444,534 B2 · Power converter with a plurality of switching power stage circuits > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,444,534 B2 - Document ID: US11444534B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/102,674 - Filed: 2020-11-24 - Published: 2021-03-18 - Granted: 2022-09-13 - Earliest claimed: 2018-06-14 - Assignees: Silergy Semiconductor Technology (Hangzhou) LTD - Applicants: Silergy Semiconductor Technology (Hangzhou) LTD - Inventors: Wang Zhang; Chen Zhao - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11444534B2 ## CPC - H02M 3/158: including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load - H02M 3/1584: {with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel} - H02M 1/0095: {Hybrid converter topologies, e.g. NPC mixed with flying capacitor, thyristor converter mixed with MMC or charge pump mixed with buck} - H02M 1/088: for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices - H02M 1/15: using active elements - H02M 3/1586: {switched with a phase shift, i.e. interleaved} - H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P) ## Abstract A power converter can include: first and second terminals; N A-type switching power stage circuits, each having a first energy storage element, where N is a positive integer, a first terminal of a first A-type switching power stage circuit in the N A-type switching power stage circuits is coupled to the first terminal of the power converter, and a second terminal of each of the N A-type switching power stage circuits is coupled to the second terminal of the power converter; one B-type switching power stage circuit; and N second energy storage elements, each being coupled to one of the N A-type switching power stage circuits, and the B-type switching power stage circuit is coupled between a terminal of one of the N second energy storage elements corresponding to the B-type switching power stage circuit and the second terminal of the power converter. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A power converter, comprising: a) a first terminal; b) a second terminal; ro) N A-type switching power stage circuits, each having a first energy storage element, wherein N is a positive integer, wherein a first terminal of a first A-type switching power stage circuit in the N A-type switching power stage circuits is coupled to the first terminal of the power converter, and a second terminal of each of the N A-type switching power stage circuits is coupled to the second terminal of the power converter; d) one B-type switching power stage circuit; and e) N second energy storage elements, wherein each of the N second energy storage elements is directly connected to ground and configured to receive electrical energy from a previous A-type switching power stage circuit, and to provide electrical energy to one of the N A-type switching power stage circuits, and wherein the B-type switching power stage circuit is coupled between a terminal of one of the N second energy storage elements corresponding to the B-type switching power stage circuit and the second terminal of the power converter. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The power converter of claim 1, wherein energy storage parameters of first energy storage elements of the N A-type switching power stage circuits and the N second energy storage elements are configured to control the N A-type switching power stage circuits to meet inductor volt-second balance. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The power converter of claim 1, wherein when N is greater than 1, an n-th A-type switching power stage circuit from the N A-type switching power stage circuits is coupled between a terminal of an (n−1)-th second energy storage element among the N second energy storage elements and the second terminal of the power converter, and a j-th second energy storage element from the N second energy storage elements is coupled between a j-th A-type switching power stage circuit among the N A-type switching power stage circuits, and a ground, wherein n is a positive integer of at least two, and is a positive integer. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The power converter of claim 1, wherein: a) the first terminal of the power converter is configured as one of an input terminal of the power converter to receive an input voltage, and an output terminal of the power converter to generate an output voltage; and b) the second terminal of the power converter is configured as the other one of the input terminal and the output terminal. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The power converter of claim 1, further comprising N first transistors, wherein each of the N second energy storage elements is coupled to the A-type switching power stage circuit corresponding to the second energy storage element via one of the N first transistors connected in series with the second energy storage element. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The power converter of claim 5, wherein each of the N A-type switching power stage circuits further comprises a second transistor coupled between a first terminal of the A-type switching power stage circuit and the first energy storage element. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The power converter of claim 6, wherein one of a conduction time and an off time of the second transistor in one switching period is controlled to be constant. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) The power converter of claim 6, wherein the power converter is configured to adjust a duty cycle of the second transistor of the N A-type switching power stage circuits based on an output voltage of the power converter to generate a stabilized output voltage. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The power converter of claim 8, wherein the duty cycle of the second transistor ranges between 0 to 1. ### Claim 10 (depends on 6) The power converter of claim 6, wherein each of the N A-type switching power stage circuits further comprises: a) a third transistor coupled between the first energy storage element and ground; and b) a first magnetic element connected between the first energy storage element and the second terminal of the power converter. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The power converter of claim 10, wherein the B-type switching power stage circuit comprises: a) fourth and fifth transistors coupled in series between the second energy storage element corresponding to the B-type switching power stage circuit and ground; and b) a second magnetic element coupled between the second terminal of the power converter and a common node between the fourth and fifth transistors. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The power converter of claim 11, wherein each of the third and fifth transistors comprises a rectification switch. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The power converter of claim 11, wherein each of the third and fifth transistors comprises a diode. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The power converter of claim 11, wherein: a) at least one of first magnetic elements of the N A-type switching power stage circuits is coupled with the second magnetic element; and b) at least two of first magnetic elements of the N A-type switching power stage circuits are coupled with each other. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The power converter of claim 11, wherein at least one of first magnetic elements of the N A-type switching power stage circuits is coupled with the second magnetic element. ### Claim 16 (depends on 11) The power converter of claim 11, wherein at least two of first magnetic elements of the N A-type switching power stage circuits are coupled with each other. ### Claim 17 (depends on 11) The power converter of claim 11, wherein in-phase control is performed on operation states of the N A-type switching power stage circuits and the B-type switching power stage circuit. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The power converter of claim 17, wherein: a) the second transistor of each of the N A-type switching power stage circuits has a same switching state as the fourth transistor; and b) the third transistor of each of the N A-type switching power stage circuits has a same switching state as the N first transistors and the fifth transistor, and the switching state of the third transistor is complementary to a switching state of the second transistor. ### Claim 19 (depends on 11) The power converter of claim 11, wherein phase-shift control is performed on operation states of the N A-type switching power stage circuits and the B-type switching power stage circuit. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The power converter of claim 19, wherein: a) the second transistor of each of the N A-type switching power stage circuits has a same duty cycle as the fourth transistor; b) a switching state of the second transistor is complementary to a switching state of the third transistor; c) a switching state of the fourth transistor is complementary to a switching state of the fifth transistor; and d) a switching state of a j-th first transistor from the N first transistors is complementary to a switching state of a third transistor of a j-th A-type switching power stage circuit from the N A-type switching power stage circuits, wherein j is a positive integer. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The power converter of claim 20, wherein when N is greater than 1, there is a same phase difference between conduction timings of adjacent second transistors among the N second transistors, and the same phase difference between a conduction timing of an N-th second transistor among the N second transistors and a conduction timing of the fourth transistor. ### Claim 22 (depends on 21) The power converter of claim 21, wherein the phase difference is 360°/(N+1). ### Claim 23 A power converter, comprising: a) N switch groups, coupled in series between first and second input terminals, thereby forming (N−1) first intermediate nodes, wherein each of the N switch groups comprises first and second switches coupled in series, and wherein N is a positive integer that is at least two; b) (N−1) first capacitors, each being coupled between one of the first intermediate nodes and the second input terminal; c) (N−1) second capacitors and (N−1) first inductors, being respectively coupled in series between the first to (N−1)th second intermediate nodes and a first output terminal, wherein the second intermediate node is a common node between the first and second switches in each switch group; d) a second inductor, coupled between the (N−1)th second intermediate node of the last switch group and the first output terminal; e) N third switches, respectively coupled between a first terminal of the first or second inductor, and a second output terminal; and f) an output capacitor coupled between the first and second output terminals, in order to generate an output signal. ### Claim 24 (depends on 23) The power converter of claim 23, wherein the control circuit is configured to control an on time or off time of the first switches to be constant. ### Claim 25 (depends on 23) The power converter of claim 23, further comprising a control circuit configured to change duty cycles of each switch to adjust an output signal of the power converter according to a sampling signal characterizing the output signal. ### Claim 26 (depends on 25) The power converter of claim 25, wherein the duty cycle ranges between 0 and 1. ### Claim 27 (depends on 25) The power converter of claim 25, wherein the duty cycles of the first and second switches in each switch group are complementary, and the duty cycle of each third switch is the same as the duty cycle of a corresponding second switch coupled to the third switch. ### Claim 28 (depends on 27) The power converter of claim 27, wherein switching states of the first switches in each switch groups are the same. ### Claim 29 (depends on 28) The power converter of claim 28, wherein when the first switches are turned on, the second and third switches are turned off, and each current that flowing through corresponding first and second inductors to the first output terminal increases. ### Claim 30 (depends on 27) The power converter of claim 27, wherein there is a same phase difference between turn-on moments of each two adjacent first switches. ### Claim 31 (depends on 30) The power converter of claim 30, wherein the phase difference is 360°/N. ### Claim 32 (depends on 31) The power converter of claim 31, wherein: a) when a phase corresponding to the duty cycle of the first switch is less than the phase difference, there is no state that each two adjacent first switches are turned on simultaneously; and b) when the phase corresponding to the duty cycle of the first switch is greater than the phase difference, there is a state that each two adjacent first switches are turned on simultaneously, such that each current that flowing through corresponding first and second inductors to the first output terminal increases.