# US 11,444,448 B2 · Leakage current detection and protection device, and power connector and electrical appliance employing the same > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,444,448 B2 - Document ID: US11444448B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/314,976 - Filed: 2021-05-07 - Published: 2021-08-26 - Granted: 2022-09-13 - Earliest claimed: 2019-10-10 - Assignees: Chengli Li - Applicants: Chengli Li - Inventors: Chengli Li; Long Chen - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11444448B2 ## CPC - H02H 3/16: responsive to fault current to earth, frame or mass (with balanced or differential arrangement H02H3/26 {; monitoring earth connection H02H5/105}) - H02H 3/335: {the main function being self testing of the device} - G01R 31/52: Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults - G01R 31/58: Testing of lines, cables or conductors (testing of electric windings G01R31/72) - G01R 35/005: {Calibrating; Standards or reference devices, e.g. voltage or resistance standards, "golden" references (G01R33/0035, G01R35/002 take precedence)} - H02H 1/0007: {concerning the detecting means (in general G01R or other subclasses of G01; reed switches H01H71/2445)} - H01R 13/713: the switch being a safety switch - H01R 24/78: with additional earth or shield contacts - H02H: EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS (indicating or signalling undesired working conditions G01R, e.g. G01R31/00, G08B; locating faults along lines G01R31/08; emergency protective devices H01H) - G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12) - H01R: ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS ## Abstract An leakage current detection and protection device includes a leakage current detection module for detecting a leakage current on the power supply lines and generating a detection feedback signal in response thereto, a self-test module for testing whether the leakage current detection module is faulty, and a trip module for disconnecting the power supply lines in response to the self-test fault signal. The self-test module includes a simulated leakage current trigger circuit for generating a simulated leakage current trigger signal, a simulated leakage current generating circuit for generating a simulated leakage current signal in response to the simulated leakage current trigger signal, a trigger signal turn-off module for turning off the simulated leakage current trigger signal in response to the detection feedback signal, and a fault signal generating module for detecting a fault in the leakage current detection module and generating a self-test fault signal in response thereto. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An leakage current detection and protection device for power supply lines, comprising: a leakage current detection module, configured to detect a leakage current present on the power supply lines and to generate a detection feedback signal in response to detecting the leakage current; a self-test module, configured to test whether the leakage current detection module is faulty, the self-test module including: a simulated leakage current trigger circuit, configured to generate a simulated leakage current trigger signal; a simulated leakage current generating circuit, configured to generate a simulated leakage current signal in response to the simulated leakage current trigger signal, wherein the simulated leakage current signal simulates a leakage current signal on the power supply lines; a trigger signal turn-off module, configured to turn off the simulated leakage current trigger signal in response to the detection feedback signal; and a fault signal generating module, coupled to the simulated leakage current trigger circuit, and configured to detect a fault in the leakage current detection module and to generate a self-test fault signal in response to detecting the fault; and a trip module, coupled on the power supply lines and configured to disconnect the power supply lines in response to the self-test fault signal. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The leakage current detection and protection device of claim 1, wherein the simulated leakage current trigger circuit, the simulated leakage current generating circuit, the trigger signal turn-off module and the fault signal generating module include only discrete components. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The leakage current detection and protection device of claim 1, wherein the simulated leakage current trigger circuit includes a trigger diode, configured to generate the simulated leakage current trigger signal when conductive; and a delay module, coupled to the trigger diode and configured to control the conductivity of the trigger diode, wherein the delay module controls a time interval of the generation of the simulated leakage current trigger signal. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The leakage current detection and protection device of claim 3, wherein the delay module includes serial connected first resistor and first capacitor, and the trigger signal turn-off module includes a first semiconductor device, wherein the first semiconductor device is configured to become conductive in response to the detection feedback signal to provide a discharge path for the first capacitor to turn off the simulated leakage current trigger signal. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The leakage current detection and protection device of claim 4, wherein the first semiconductor device is a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR), or a bipolar junction transistor (BJT), or a field-effect transistor (FET), or a photoelectric coupling element. ### Claim 6 (depends on 3) The leakage current detection and protection device of claim 3, wherein the simulated leakage current generating circuit includes a second resistor coupled to the trigger diode, configured to form a current path for the simulated leakage current when the trigger diode is conductive. ### Claim 7 (depends on 3) The leakage current detection and protection device of claim 3, wherein the simulated leakage current generating circuit includes a second semiconductor device, a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor, wherein a first electrode of the second semiconductor device is coupled to the fourth resistor, and a control electrode of the second semiconductor device is coupled to the trigger diode via the fifth resistor, and wherein when the trigger diode becomes conductive, the second semiconductor device becomes conductive in response thereto to form a current path for the simulated leakage current signal via the fourth resistor. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The leakage current detection and protection device of claim 7, wherein the second semiconductor device is a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR), or a bipolar junction transistor (BJT), or a field-effect transistor (FET), or a photoelectric coupling element. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The leakage current detection and protection device of claim 1, wherein the fault signal generating module includes serial connected third resistor and second capacitor, wherein in response to the simulated leakage current trigger signal, the third resistor charges the second capacitor, and wherein when the leakage current detection module is faulty and does not generate the detection feedback signal to turn off the simulated leakage current trigger signal, the fault signal generating module generates the self-test fault signal at the second capacitor. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The leakage current detection and protection device of claim 1, wherein the fault signal generating module includes a third resistor, and the leakage current detection module includes a fourth capacitor coupled in series with the third resistor, wherein in response to the simulated leakage current trigger signal, the third resistor charges the fourth capacitor, and wherein when the leakage current detection module is faulty and does not generate the detection feedback signal to turn off the simulated leakage current trigger signal, the fault signal generating module generates the self-test fault signal at the fourth capacitor. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The leakage current detection and protection device of claim 1, wherein the trip module includes: a switch module coupled on the power supply lines between an input end and an output end, and configured to connect or disconnect an electrical connection between the input end and the output end; and a drive module, configured to drive the switch module in response to the self-test fault signal to disconnect the electrical connection. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The leakage current detection and protection device of claim 1, wherein the leakage current detection module includes a processor chip and at least one leakage current detector coil, wherein the processor chip is configured to generate the detection feedback signal in response to the leakage current detector coil detecting the leakage current. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The leakage current detection and protection device of claim 1, wherein the trigger diode is a semiconductor element that is triggered to conduct when a voltage across it is above a threshold. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) An electrical power connection device, comprising: a body; and the leakage current detection and protection device of claim 1 disposed inside the body. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) An electrical appliance, comprising: an electrical load; and an electrical power connection device coupled between a power supply and the load to supply power to the load, where the electrical power connection device includes the leakage current detection and protection device of claim 1.