# US 11,444,343 B2 · Portable and modular energy storage for multiple applications

> Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt

- Number: US 11,444,343 B2
- Document ID: US11444343B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/208,178
- Filed: 2018-12-03
- Published: 2019-04-04
- Granted: 2022-09-13
- Earliest claimed: 2015-07-31
- Assignees: SynCells, Inc.
- Applicants: SynCells, Inc.
- Inventors: Gerard O'Hora
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11444343B2

## CPC

- H01M 10/625: Vehicles
- B60L 53/14: Conductive energy transfer
- H01G 11/10: Multiple hybrid or EDL capacitors, e.g. arrays or modules (housings, cases, encapsulations or mountings thereof H01G11/78)
- H01G 11/18: against thermal overloads, e.g. heating, cooling or ventilating
- H01G 11/82: Fixing or assembling a capacitive element in a housing, e.g. mounting electrodes, current collectors or terminals in containers or encapsulations
- H01M 10/0525: Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
- H01M 10/425: {Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing (printed circuits H05K1/00)}
- H01M 10/441: {for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially}
- H01M 10/486: {for measuring temperature}
- H01M 10/613: Cooling or keeping cold
- H01M 10/617: for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
- H01M 10/655: Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M 10/6567: Liquids
- H01M 10/6568: characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
- H01M 10/6569: Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation (heat pipes H01M10/6552)
- H01M 50/204: Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M 50/256: Carrying devices, e.g. belts
- H02J 7/00: Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J 7/50: acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J 7/70: characterised by the mechanical construction
- H02J 7/80: including monitoring or indicating arrangements
- H02J 7/855: {with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery}
- H01M 2220/20: Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
- H02J 1/00: Circuit arrangements for DC mains or DC distribution networks
- H02J 7/345: {using capacitors as storage or buffering devices}
- H02J 7/35: with light sensitive cells
- H02J 7/84: Control of state of health [SOH]
- H02J 2101/30: Fuel cells
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- Y02E 60/13: Energy storage using capacitors
- Y02T 10/7072: Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
- Y02T 90/14: Plug-in electric vehicles
- Y02T 90/16: Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- H01G: CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE (selection of specified materials as dielectric H01B3/00; capacitors having potential barriers H10D1/62, H10K10/10)
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

A removable modular energy pack may include a first housing, and one or more energy cells. The modular energy pack may also include a processing system that aggregates power from the plurality of energy cells, and a first interface that communicates a status of the modular energy pack to a second housing. The modular energy pack may further include a second interface that transmits the aggregated power to the second housing, and a thermal material enclosed in the first housing. A thermal material may be arranged in the housing adjacent to the plurality of energy cells to transfer heat away from the plurality of energy cells and to transfer the heat to the second housing.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A modular energy pack comprising:
a first housing comprising a front side and a rear side opposite the front side;
one or more energy cells enclosed in the first housing;
a processing system enclosed in the first housing that collects power from the one or more energy cells and transmits the collected power from the one or more energy cells from the processing system to a second housing that is configured to removably receive a plurality of modular energy packs;
a handle on the front side of the first housing, wherein the front side of the first housing and the handle are exposed when the first housing is inserted into the second housing;
a temperature sensor; and
one or more valves on the rear side of the first housing configured to removably mate with corresponding one or more valves on an interior of the second housing when the first housing is inserted into the second housing to circulate a thermally conductive fluid from the second housing into the first housing to transfer heat away from the one or more energy cells, wherein the processing system controls a flow of the thermally conductive fluid into the first housing based on temperature readings received from the temperature sensor.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The modular energy pack of claim 1, wherein the thermally conductive fluid comprises an electrolyte.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The modular energy pack of claim 2, wherein the one or more energy cells comprise an anode and a cathode, and wherein the electrolyte flows from the second housing into the first housing between the anode and the cathode.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The modular energy pack of claim 1, wherein the second housing comprises a plurality of openings, at least one of which is sealed by a blanking plate.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The modular energy pack of claim 1, wherein a layer of carbon nanotubes or graphene is disposed between the first housing and the second housing.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The modular energy pack of claim 1, further comprising an electronic screen that displays status information from the one or more energy cells.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The modular energy pack of claim 1, wherein the second housing is flooded with the thermally conductive fluid when the modular energy pack is inserted into the second housing, and wherein the second housing is drained of the thermally conductive fluid before the modular energy pack is removed from the second housing.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The modular energy pack of claim 1, wherein the collected power from the one or more energy cells is transmitted to a motor of an electric or hybrid electric vehicle.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The modular energy pack of claim 1, wherein the one or more valves comprises:
a first inlet valve that mates with a first outlet valve on the second housing, wherein the thermally conductive fluid is pumped from the second housing into the first inlet valve; and
a second outlet valve that mates with a second inlet valve on the second housing, wherein the thermally conductive fluid is pumped from the modular energy pack through the second outlet valve to the second housing.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The modular energy pack of claim 9, further comprising an interface that communicates a status of the modular energy pack to the second housing.

### Claim 11

A method of providing power from a modular energy pack, the method comprising:
inserting the modular energy pack into a second housing, wherein:
the second housing is configured to removably receive a plurality of modular energy packs; and
the modular energy pack comprises a first housing comprising a front side and a rear side opposite the front side, and a handle on the front side of the first housing such that the front side of the first housing and the handle are exposed when the first housing is inserted into the second housing;
monitoring a temperature of the modular energy pack using a temperature sensor;
collecting, through a processing system of the modular energy pack, power from one or more energy cells enclosed in the first housing of the modular energy pack;
providing, through an interface of the modular energy pack, the collected power from the one or more energy cells from the processing system to the second housing; and
transferring heat away from the one or more energy cells using a thermally conductive fluid that is circulated from the second housing into the first housing, wherein the processing system controls a flow of the thermally conductive fluid through one or more valves on the rear side of the first housing that are configured to removably mate with corresponding one or more valves on an interior of the second housing when the first housing is inserted into the second housing based on temperature readings received from the temperature sensor.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein the thermally conductive fluid further comprises a nonconductive extinguishing agent.

### Claim 13 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein the one or more energy cells comprises one or more rechargeable battery cells.

### Claim 14 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein the one or more energy cells are grouped in a plurality of sub-modules that are individually packaged within the first housing.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14, wherein each of the plurality of sub-modules comprises a processor that communicates with the processing system of the modular energy pack.

### Claim 16 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein the first housing is hermetically sealed.

### Claim 17 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein the one or more energy cells comprises one or more supercapacitors.

### Claim 18 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein a volume of the first housing is at least 0.50 cubic feet, having dimensions of approximately 6″×6″×12″.

### Claim 19 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, further comprising communicating a charge history of the modular energy pack to the second housing.

### Claim 20 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein the collected power from the one or more energy cells provided to the second housing comprises a signal of approximately 48 VDC and 45 A.