# US 11,443,871 B2 · Fire resistant and food safe cable jacket and method

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- Number: US 11,443,871 B2
- Document ID: US11443871B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/156,451
- Filed: 2021-01-22
- Published: 2021-07-29
- Granted: 2022-09-13
- Earliest claimed: 2020-01-23
- Assignees: LUTZE Inc.
- Applicants: LUTZE Inc.
- Inventors: Stefan Grunwald
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11443871B2

## CPC

- H01B 7/295: using material resistant to flame
- C08K 3/016: Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
- C08K 3/22: of metals
- C08K 5/098: Metal salts of carboxylic acids
- C08K 5/13: Phenols; Phenolates
- C08K 5/56: Organo-metallic compounds, i.e. organic compounds containing a metal-to-carbon bond
- C08L 27/06: Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
- H01B 3/441: {from alkenes}
- H01B 7/187: {Sheaths comprising extruded non-metallic layers}
- H01B 7/2813: {Protection against damage caused by electrical, chemical or water tree deterioration}
- C08K 2003/2296: {of zinc}
- C08L 2201/02: Flame or fire retardant/resistant
- C08L 2203/202: use in electrical wires or wirecoating
- H01B: CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES (selection for magnetic properties H01F1/00; waveguides H01P {; printed circuits H05K})
- C08K: Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients (paints, inks, varnishes, dyes, polishes, adhesives C09)
- C08L: COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS (compositions based on polymerisable monomers C08F, C08G; artificial filaments or fibres D01F; textile treating compositions D06)

## Abstract

An electrical cable is provided. The electrical cable includes at least one conductor having primary insulation; and an outer jacket covering at least a portion of the at least one conductor, the outer jacket comprising at least one flame retardant. The at least one flame retardant is present in an amount capable of retarding flame propagation in accordance with UL 1581 or IEC 60332 and is essentially devoid of chromium, lead, arsenic, mercury, cadmium, antimony, or their compounds; brominated inorganic compounds; and brominated organic compounds. The outer jacket meets FDA 21 CFR Food Contact compliance or Regulation (EU) No. 10/2011 requirements. A method of imparting both flame retardancy and food contact compliance to an electrical cable is also provided.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An electrical cable comprising:
at least one conductor having primary insulation; and
an outer jacket covering at least a portion of the at least one conductor, the outer jacket comprising at least one flame retardant,
wherein the at least one flame retardant is present in an amount capable of retarding flame propagation in accordance with UL 1581 or IEC 60332,
wherein the outer jacket meets FDA 21 CFR Food Contact compliance or Regulation (EU) No. 10/2011 requirements, and
wherein the at least one flame retardant is essentially devoid of chromium, lead, arsenic, mercury, cadmium, antimony or their compounds; brominated inorganic compounds; and brominated organic compounds.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The electrical cable of claim 1, wherein the flame retardant is a compound comprising zinc cations (Zn+, Zn++) or zinc anions (Zn−).

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The electrical cable of claim 2, wherein the flame retardant is a zinc salt of an inorganic and/or organic compound.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

The electrical cable of claim 2, wherein the flame retardant is a compound comprising zinc cations (Zn+, Zn++) or zinc anions (Zn−) in combination with one or more zinc oxides or hydroxides.

### Claim 5 (depends on 2)

The electrical cable of claim 2, wherein the flame retardant is a hydrate compound comprising zinc cations (Zn+, Zn++) or zinc anions (Zn−) that releases its water of hydration at temperatures greater than 500° F. (260° C.).

### Claim 6 (depends on 2)

The electrical cable of claim 2, wherein the flame retardant is one or more of zinc 2-ethylhexoate; zinc butyl xanthate; zinc decanoate; zinc neodecanoate; zinc octoate; zinc oleate; zinc palmitate; zinc resinate; zinc ricinoleate; zinc salicylate; zinc dibenzyldithiocarbamate; zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate; zinc diethyldithiocarbamate; zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate; zinc formaldehyde sulfoxylate; zinc isodecanoate; zinc linoleate; zinc 2-mercaptobenzothiazole; zinc naphthenate; zinc naphthenate-dehydroabietylamine mixture; zinc 4-tert-butylthiophenate; zinc hydroxide; zinc oxide; zinc ammonium chloride; zinc nitrate; zinc orthophosphate; zinc silicate; anhydrous zinc sulfate; zinc sulfide; zinc hydroxy phosphite; at least partial sodium zinc salt of poly(ethylene-co-isobutyl acrylate-co-methacrylic acid); at least partial calcium zinc salt of fully dimerized, partially dimerized, or hydrogenated rosin; tin-zinc stearate; calcium zinc stearate; and sodium zinc potassium polyphosphate.

### Claim 7 (depends on 2)

The electrical cable of claim 2, wherein the flame retardant further comprises one or more of calcium carbonate, dolmite, talc, mica, silica, kaolin, carbon black, wollostonite, calcium sterate, aluminum hydroxide, alumina trihydrate, magnesium hydroxide, huntite (Mg3Ca(CO3)4), hydromagnesite, phosphates, phosphate esters, phosphonates, phosphine oxides, ammonium polyphosphate, modified oligomeric ethyl ethylene phosphate, and expandable graphite.

### Claim 8 (depends on 2)

The electrical cable of claim 2, wherein the flame retardant further comprises one or more of polydopamine, cyclodextrin, cellulose, gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid), 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, condensed tannin monomer, chemically modified condensed tannin monomer, tannic acid, chemically modified tannic acid, lignin, chemically modified lignin, tannic acid-terephthalate (TAT), tannin-formaldehyde polymers, and the reaction product of a polyalkyl diol diglycidyl ether and triethylenetetramine with tannic acid.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The electrical cable of claim 1, wherein the outer jacket is a flexible or resilient material of phthalate free thermoplastic polymer.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The electrical cable of claim 9, wherein the outer jacket is constructed of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and the primary insulation is polypropylene or cross-linked polyethylene.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The electrical cable of claim 10, wherein the outer jacket is primarily vinyl chloride homo- and/or copolymers (PVC thermoplastic elastomer) plasticized with one or more food safe plasticizers selected from: 1,3-butylene glycoladipic acid polyester; di(C7, C9-alkyl) adipate; di-n-alkyl adipate; di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate; diisononyl adipate; di(2-ethylhexyl) azelate; di-n-hexylazelate; epoxidized butyl esters of linseed oil fatty acids; epoxidized linseed oil; white mineral oil; hydrogenated polybutene; polyisobutylene; polypropylene glycol; propylene glycol azelate; and triethylene glycol; and
wherein the vinyl chloride homo- and/or copolymers are devoid of phthalate plasticizer.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The electrical cable of claim 1, wherein the electrical cable further comprises EMI or RFI shielding.

### Claim 13

A method of imparting both flame retardancy and food contact compliance to an electrical cable, the method comprising
providing an electrical cable, the electrical cable comprising:
at least one conductor having primary insulation;
an outer jacket covering at least a portion of the at least one conductor, the outer jacket comprising at least one flame retardant in an amount capable of retarding flame propagation in accordance with UL 1581 or IEC 60332; and
one or more additives, the one or more additives being food compliant under FDA 21 CFR Food Contact compliance or Regulation (EU) No. 10/2011 requirements.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The method of claim 13, wherein the flame retardant is a compound comprising zinc cations (Zn+, Zn++) or zinc anions (Zn−).

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14, wherein the flame retardant comprises a zinc salt of an inorganic compound or an organic compound.

### Claim 16 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14, wherein the flame retardant is a compound comprising zinc cations (Zn+, Zn++) or zinc anions (Zn−) in combination with one or more zinc oxides or hydroxides.

### Claim 17 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14, wherein the flame retardant is a hydrate compound comprising zinc cations (Zn+, Zn++) or zinc anions (Zn−) that releases its water of hydration at temperatures exceeding 500° F. (260° C.).

### Claim 18 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14, wherein the flame retardant is one or more of zinc 2-ethylhexoate; zinc butyl xanthate; zinc decanoate; zinc neodecanoate; zinc octoate; zinc oleate; zinc palmitate; zinc resinate; zinc ricinoleate; zinc salicylate; zinc dibenzyldithiocarbamate; zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate; zinc diethyldithiocarbamate; zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate; zinc formaldehyde sulfoxylate; zinc isodecanoate; zinc linoleate; zinc 2-mercaptobenzothiazole; zinc naphthenate; zinc naphthenate-dehydroabietylamine mixture; zinc 4-tert-butylthiophenate; zinc hydroxide; zinc oxide; zinc ammonium chloride; zinc nitrate; zinc orthophosphate; zinc silicate; anhydrous zinc sulfate; zinc sulfide; zinc hydroxy phosphite; at least partial sodium zinc salt of poly(ethylene-co-isobutyl acrylate-co-methacrylic acid); at least partial calcium zinc salt of fully dimerized, partially dimerized, or hydrogenated rosin; tin-zinc stearate; calcium zinc stearate; and sodium zinc potassium polyphosphate.

### Claim 19 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14, further comprising one or more of calcium carbonate, dolmite, talc, mica, silica, kaolin, carbon black, wollostonite, calcium sterate, aluminum hydroxide, alumina trihydrate, magnesium hydroxide, huntite (Mg3Ca(CO3)4, hydromagnesite, phosphates, phosphate esters, phosphonates, phosphine oxides, ammonium polyphosphate, modified oligomeric ethyl ethylene phosphate, expandable graphite, polydopamine, cyclodextrin, cellulose, gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid), 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, condensed tannin monomer, chemically modified condensed tannin monomer, tannic acid, chemically modified tannic acid, lignin, chemically modified lignin, tannic acid-terephthalate (TAT), tannin-formaldehyde polymers, and the reaction product of a polyalkyl diol diglycidyl ether and triethylenetetramine with tannic acid.

### Claim 20 (depends on 13)

The method of claim 13, wherein the outer jacket is a flexible or resilient material.

### Claim 21 (depends on 20)

The method of claim 20, wherein the outer jacket is constructed of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and the primary insulation is polypropylene or cross-linked polyethylene.

### Claim 22 (depends on 21)

The method of claim 21, wherein the outer jacket is primarily vinyl chloride homo- and/or copolymers (PVC thermoplastic elastomer) plasticized with one or more food safe plasticizers selected from: 1,3-butylene glycoladipic acid polyester; di(C7, C9-alkyl) adipate; di-n-alkyl adipate; di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate; diisononyl adipate; di(2-ethylhexyl) azelate; di-n-hexylazelate; epoxidized butyl esters of linseed oil fatty acids; epoxidized linseed oil; white mineral oil; hydrogenated polybutene; polyisobutylene; polypropylene glycol; propylene glycol azelate; and triethylene glycol; and
wherein the vinyl chloride homo- and/or copolymers are devoid of phthalate plasticizer.

### Claim 23 (depends on 13)

The method of claim 13, wherein the electrical cable further comprises EMI or RFI shielding.

### Claim 24 (depends on 13)

The method of claim 13, further comprising providing chemical resistance to the electrical cable from cleaning solutions, disinfecting solutions, and sanitizing solutions.