# US 11,443,637 B2 · Proximity sensing system and method for a marine vessel

> Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt

- Number: US 11,443,637 B2
- Document ID: US11443637B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/674,908
- Filed: 2019-11-05
- Published: 2020-05-21
- Granted: 2022-09-13
- Earliest claimed: 2018-11-21
- Assignees: Brunswick Corporation
- Applicants: Brunswick Corporation
- Inventors: Travis C. Malouf; Aaron J. Ward; Matthew E. Derginer
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11443637B2

## CPC

- G01S 13/937: of marine craft
- G08G 3/02: Anti-collision systems
- B63B 49/00: Arrangements of nautical instruments or navigational aids (nautical measuring instruments G01C; radio navigation, analogous arrangements using other waves G01S)
- B63H 25/04: automatic, e.g. reacting to compass
- G01S 7/295: Means for transforming co-ordinates or for evaluating data, e.g. using computers
- G01S 7/53: Means for transforming coordinates or for evaluating data, e.g. using computers
- G01S 13/42: Simultaneous measurement of distance and other co-ordinates (indirect measurement G01S13/46)
- G01S 13/862: {Combination of radar systems with sonar systems}
- G01S 13/865: {Combination of radar systems with lidar systems}
- G01S 13/867: {Combination of radar systems with cameras}
- G01S 15/87: Combinations of sonar systems
- G01S 15/93: for anti-collision purposes
- G05D 1/0206: {specially adapted to water vehicles}
- G05D 1/43: Control of position or course in two dimensions [2D]
- G01S: RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G08G: TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS (guiding railway traffic, ensuring the safety of railway traffic B61L; arrangement of road signs or traffic signals E01F9/00; radar or analogous systems, sonar systems, lidar systems specially adapted for traffic control G01S13/91, G01S15/88, G01S17/88; {radar or analogous systems, sonar systems, lidar systems specially adapted for anti-collision purposes G01S13/93, G01S15/93, G01S17/93})
- B63B: SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING (arrangements of vessel ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning B63J2/00; floating substructures as supports of dredgers or soil-shifting machines E02F9/06)
- B63H: MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING (propulsion of air-cushion vehicles B60V1/14; specially adapted for submarines, other than nuclear propulsion, B63G; specially adapted for torpedoes F42B19/00)
- G05D: SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES

## Abstract

A proximity sensor system on a marine vessel includes one or more proximity sensors, each at a sensor location on the marine vessel and configured to measure proximity of objects and generate proximity measurements. A processor is configured to store a two-dimensional vessel outline of the marine vessel with respect to a point of navigation for the marine vessel, receive the proximity measurements measured by one or more proximity sensors on the marine vessel, and identify four linearly-closest proximity measurements to the two-dimensional vessel outline, including one closest proximity measurement in each of a positive X direction, a negative X direction, a positive Y direction, and a negative Y direction. The processor then generates a most important object (MIO) dataset identifying the four linearly-closest proximity measurements.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A proximity sensor system on a marine vessel, the system comprising:
one or more proximity sensors, each at a sensor location on the marine vessel and configured to measure proximity of objects and generate proximity measurements;
a memory storing a two-dimensional vessel outline of the marine vessel with respect to a point of navigation for the marine vessel;
a processor configured to:
receive the proximity measurements measured by the one or more proximity sensors on the marine vessel;
from the received proximity measurements, identify four linearly-closest proximity measurements based on the two-dimensional vessel outline, including one closest proximity measurement in each of a positive X direction, a negative X direction, a positive Y direction, and a negative Y direction;
generate a most important object (MIO) dataset identifying the four linearly-closest proximity measurements; and
wherein propulsion of the marine vessel is effectuated based at least in part on the MIO dataset.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The proximity sensor system of claim 1, wherein the one or more proximity sensors includes at least two proximity sensors, each at a different location on the marine vessel and imaging a different area around the marine vessel; and
wherein the processor is further configured to, before identifying the four linearly-closest proximity measurements, translate the proximity measurements to a common reference frame with respect to the point of navigation for the marine vessel.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The proximity sensor system of claim 1, wherein the two-dimensional vessel outline is a set of Cartesian points defined with respect to the point of navigation for the marine vessel.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The proximity sensor system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:
define a horizontal region of interest based on minimum and maximum X-values of the two-dimensional vessel outline;
define a fore/aft region of interest based on minimum and maximum Y-values of the two-dimensional vessel outline; and
before identifying the linearly-closest proximity measurements, eliminate proximity measurements that are not within at least one of the horizontal region of interest and the fore/aft region of interest.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The proximity sensor system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:
identify two rotationally-closest proximity measurements to the two-dimensional vessel outline, including a smallest positive yaw angle between one of the proximity measurements and an intersection point on a starboard side of the two-dimensional vessel outline and a smallest negative yaw angle between one of the proximity measurements and an intersection point on a port side of the two-dimensional vessel outline; and
wherein the most important object (MIO) dataset further includes the smallest positive yaw angle and a smallest negative yaw angle.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The proximity sensor system of claim 1, wherein the memory stores at least a second two-dimensional vessel outline of the marine vessel with respect to the point of navigation, wherein the second two-dimensional vessel outline represents a cross-section of the marine vessel closer to a waterline than the first two-dimensional vessel outline;
wherein the processor is further configured to:
identify an object height for at least a closest subset of the proximity measurements;
determine an appropriate two-dimensional vessel outline for each of the closest subset of proximity measurements based on the respective object height; and
identify the four linearly-closest proximity measurements based on the appropriate two-dimensional vessel outlines for each.

### Claim 7

A method of operating a proximity sensor system on a marine vessel, the method comprising:
defining a two-dimensional vessel outline of the marine vessel with respect to a point of navigation for the marine vessel;
storing the two-dimensional vessel outline of the marine vessel in a memory accessible to a processor;
receiving, at the processor, proximity measurements measured by one or more proximity sensors on the marine vessel;
translating, with the processor, the proximity measurements to a common reference frame with respect to the point of navigation for the marine vessel;
identifying from the received proximity measurements, with the processor, four linearly-closest proximity measurements to the two-dimensional vessel outline, including one closest proximity measurement in each of a positive X direction, a negative X direction, a positive Y direction, and a negative Y direction; and
generating, with the processor, a most important object (MIO) dataset identifying the four linearly-closest proximity measurements.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The method of claim 7, wherein the two-dimensional vessel outline is a set of points defined with respect to the point of navigation for the marine vessel.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8, wherein the two-dimensional vessel outline includes Cartesian points forming a pentagon and defined with respect to the point of navigation, including a front point, a starboard corner point and a port corner point, and a starboard back point and a port back point.

### Claim 10 (depends on 7)

The method of claim 7, further comprising:
defining, with the processor, a horizontal region of interest based on minimum and maximum X-values of the two-dimensional vessel outline;
defining, with the processor, a fore/aft region of interest based on minimum and maximum Y-values of the two-dimensional vessel outline; and
before identifying the linearly-closest proximity measurements, eliminating proximity measurements that are not within at least one of the horizontal region of interest and the fore/aft region of interest.

### Claim 11 (depends on 7)

The method of claim 7, further comprising:
identifying, with the processor, two rotationally-closest proximity measurements to the two-dimensional vessel outline, including a smallest positive yaw angle between one of the proximity measurements and an intersection point on a starboard side of the two-dimensional vessel outline and a smallest negative yaw angle between one of the proximity measurements and an intersection point on a port side of the two-dimensional vessel outline; and
wherein the most important object (MIO) dataset further includes the smallest positive yaw angle and a smallest negative yaw angle.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, further comprising:
defining, with the processor, an outer yaw circle as a circle having a radius between the point of navigation and a front point of the two-dimensional vessel outline; and
eliminating, with the processor, proximity measurements that are with within the outer yaw circle prior to calculating yaw angles to identify the two rotationally-closest proximity measurements.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The method of claim 12, further comprising:
calculating, with the processor, at least one yaw path between each proximity measurement inside the outer yaw circle and a respective intersection point on the two-dimensional vessel outline;
calculating, with the processor, a positive yaw angle or a negative yaw angle based on the respective yaw path for each proximity measurement inside the outer yaw circle; and
identifying, with the processor, the smallest positive yaw angle as a smallest one of the positive yaw angles and identifying the smallest negative yaw angle as a smallest one of the negative yaw angles.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The method of claim 13, wherein the two-dimensional vessel outline includes Cartesian points forming a pentagon and defined with respect to the point of navigation, including the front point, a starboard corner point and a port corner point, and a starboard back point and a port back point.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14, further comprising:
defining, with the processor, an inner yaw circle as a circle having a radius between the point of navigation and the corner points of the two-dimensional vessel outline;
defining, with the processor, a starboard bow line intersecting the front point and the starboard corner point and a port bow line intersecting the front point and the starboard corner point;
for each proximity measurement between the outer yaw circle and the inner yaw circle:
defining, with the processor, a proximity measurement circle having a radius between the point of navigation and the proximity measurement;
determining, with the processor, at least one of a starboard intersection point where the proximity measurement circle intersects the starboard bow line and a port intersection point where the proximity measurement circle intersects the port bow line; and
determining, with the processor, the positive yaw angle based on the starboard intersection point and the negative yaw angle based on the port intersection point.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15, wherein determining the starboard intersection point further includes:
determining two intersects, including a first intersect and a second intersect, between the proximity measurement circle and the starboard bow line;
defining a zero line between the point of navigation and the front point;
defining a first line between the point of navigation and the first intersect, and determining a first angle between the zero line and the first line;
defining a second line between the point of navigation and the second intersect, and determining a second angle between the zero line and the second line;
defining a third line between the point of navigation and the starboard corner point, and determining an angle threshold range between the zero line and the third line; and
if the first angle is within the angle threshold range, then the first intersect is the starboard intersection point, or if the second angle is within the angle threshold range, then the second intersect is the starboard intersection point.

### Claim 17 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15, further comprising:
defining a rear yaw circle as a circle having a radius between the point of navigation and the back points of the two-dimensional vessel outline; and
for each proximity measurement inside both the inner yaw circle and rear yaw circle, calculating both a positive yaw angle and a negative yaw angle.

### Claim 18 (depends on 7)

The method of claim 7, further comprising:
defining, with the processor, at least a second two-dimensional vessel outline of the marine vessel with respect to the point of navigation, wherein the second two-dimensional vessel outline represents a cross-section of the marine vessel closer to a waterline than the first two-dimensional vessel outline;
identifying, with the processor, an object height for at least a closest subset of the proximity measurements;
determining, with the processor, an appropriate two-dimensional vessel outline for each of the closest subset of proximity measurements based on the respective object height; and
identifying, with the processor, the four linearly-closest proximity measurements based on the appropriate two-dimensional vessel outlines for each.

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

The method of claim 18, wherein the first two-dimensional vessel outline represents a largest cross-section of the marine vessel and the second two-dimensional vessel outline represents a cross-section of the marine vessel at the waterline; and
wherein determining the appropriate two-dimensional vessel outline includes interpolating between the first two-dimensional vessel outline and the second two-dimensional vessel outline based on the object height.

### Claim 20 (depends on 18)

The method of claim 18, wherein each of the at least two two-dimensional vessel outlines has a height threshold range associated therewith; and
wherein determining the appropriate two-dimensional vessel outline includes determining which associated height threshold range for the at least two two-dimensional vessel outlines pertains to the object height.