# US 11,442,339 B2 · Method and system for filming > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,442,339 B2 - Document ID: US11442339B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/934,588 - Filed: 2020-07-21 - Published: 2021-04-08 - Granted: 2022-09-13 - Earliest claimed: 2008-07-14 - Assignees: Holicom Film Limited - Applicants: Holicom Film Limited - Inventors: Stephen Ley; Ian Christopher O'Connell; Bruce Finn - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11442339B2 ## CPC - G03B 15/06: Special arrangements of screening, diffusing, or reflecting devices, e.g. in studio - H04N 5/2621: {Cameras specially adapted for the electronic generation of special effects during image pickup, e.g. digital cameras, camcorders, video cameras having integrated special effects capability} - G02B 30/56: by projecting aerial or floating images - G03B 15/02: Illuminating scene - G03B 15/07: Arrangements of lamps in studios - H04N 5/2224: {related to virtual studio applications} - H04N 5/2226: {Determination of depth image, e.g. for foreground/background separation (determining depth by image analysis in general G06T7/50; segmentation by image analysis in general G06T7/10)} - H04N 5/272: Means for inserting a foreground image in a background image, i.e. inlay, outlay - H04N 7/142: {Constructional details of the terminal equipment, e.g. arrangements of the camera and the display} - H04N 7/147: {Communication arrangements, e.g. identifying the communication as a video-communication, intermediate storage of the signals (selecting H04Q)} - H04N 7/15: Conference systems - H04N 19/112: according to a given display mode, e.g. for interlaced or progressive display mode - H04N 19/132: Sampling, masking or truncation of coding units, e.g. adaptive resampling, frame skipping, frame interpolation or high-frequency transform coefficient masking - H04N 19/137: Motion inside a coding unit, e.g. average field, frame or block difference - H04N 19/17: the unit being an image region, e.g. an object - H04N 19/186: the unit being a colour or a chrominance component - H04N 19/20: using video object coding - H04N 19/587: involving temporal sub-sampling or interpolation, e.g. decimation or subsequent interpolation of pictures in a video sequence - H04N 23/56: provided with illuminating means - G03B: APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR (optical parts of such apparatus G02B; photosensitive materials or processes for photographic purposes G03C; apparatus for processing exposed photographic materials G03D) - H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION - G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS ## Abstract This invention concerns a method of filming a subject to be projected as a Pepper's Ghost image. The method may comprise filming a subject under a lighting arrangement having one or more front lights for illuminating a front of a subject and one or more backlights. The lights may be controlled such that the total brightness of the one or more front lights, as measured of the subject, is less than or approximately the same as the total brightness of the one or more backlights, as measured at the subject. The subject may be located directly above one or more floor lights such the subject is illuminated from below by the one or more floor lights. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of filming a subject to produce film suitable for projecting onto or through a semi-transparent screen, the method comprising: filming a subject in front of a black, blue, or green back screen under a lighting arrangement to acquire images of the subject, the lighting arrangement having one or more first lights for illuminating a front of the subject facing towards a camera, wherein the first lights are angled such that the majority of light emitted by the first lights is not reflected by the back screen back to the subject, one or more second lights for illuminating the rear and/or side of the subject facing away from the camera, and one or more third lights for illuminating the feet of the subject; wherein the lighting arrangement is controlled such that a total brightness of the one or more first lights, as measured at the subject, is less than or approximately the same as a total brightness of the one or more second lights, such that edges of the subject appear disproportionally brighter. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the lighting arrangement is arranged to illuminate a cuboid volume such that, when the subject moves horizontally within the cuboid volume, a nature of the illumination on the subject remains substantially the same. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the subject is filmed on a riser having a height and the subject is filmed with the camera having a lens that is positionable at a height approximately 1 foot higher than the height of the riser, the camera being vertically adjustable in an upward direction to obtain a more neutral view of the subject. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the subject is filmed in a studio having a depth between 5 meters long by 3 meters wide and up to 20 meters long by 6 meters wide. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the subject is filmed on a reflective or semi reflective riser. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the subject is filmed in front of a light-absorbing back, and wherein a camera used to film the subject or the film to be presented is arranged to process light sources having an intensity of below a threshold value as being black. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein: the total brightness of the one or more front lights, as measured at the subject, is less than or approximately the same as total brightness of the one or more back lights, as measured at the subject; and/or a ratio of the total brightness, as measured at the subject, of the back lights to the total brightness of the front lights, as measured at the subject, is greater than 2:3; and/or the total brightness of the front lights is less than 150% of the total brightness of the back lights. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, wherein the one or more front lights and the one or more rear and/or side lights each comprises different lamps for illuminating different sections of the subject, wherein the different sections comprise vertical sections of the subject. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method according to claim 8, wherein the one or more front lights comprise a profile spotlight for illuminating a head of the subject, a profile spotlight for illuminating the torso of the subject, and a profile spotlight for illuminating legs and feet of the subject, and the one or more back lights comprise a profile spotlight for illuminating a head of the subject, a profile spotlight for illuminating the torso of the subject, a profile spotlight for illuminating legs and optionally feet of the subject. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, wherein the lighting arrangement further comprises an overhead light positioned substantially directly above the subject, the one or more front lights further comprise a profile spotlight for illuminating the eyes of the subject and a fill lamp for illuminating the subject from below and producing shadows in the clothing of the subject. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, wherein the lighting arrangement is arranged to illuminate undersides of the subject's feet so that the base of the subject's feet are captured and displayed on the projected film. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, wherein the lights are controlled to match lighting effects for the subject being filmed to lighting effects at a location of a projected image of the subject. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, wherein the lights are controlled to create a color temperature for the subject being filmed that substantially matches the color temperature of person/objects at the location of a projected image of the subject. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, wherein filming the subject comprises filming the subject with a camera positioned such that an eye-line of the camera substantially corresponds to an eye-line of an audience watching a projected image of the subject and is at least 4 meters away from the subject. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, further comprising: projecting the images of the subject through a semitransparent screen positioned at an angle to the projected film and an audience line-of-sight such that film images are visible to the audience as a pepper's ghost superimposed on a backdrop to the screen such that the Pepper's Ghost image of the subject appears at the same height as the subject in real-life. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, further comprising: projecting the images of the subject onto a semitransparent screen placed at 45 degrees to a direction of light emitted by the projector such that the Pepper's Ghost image of the subject appears at the same height as the subject in real-life. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, wherein the lighting arrangement has a luminaire comprising an array of LEDs inside a housing chamber having a back reflecting surface opposite an output surface with at least one gap, and two side reflective surfaces, wherein the LEDs are attached to an inside of the output surface such that light emitted by the LEDs is directed away from the output surface towards either the back reflective surface or the one of the side reflective surfaces, wherefrom the light is reflected toward the output surface and emitted from the chamber via the at least one gap. ### Claim 18 A real time streaming telepresence system, comprising: an image source arranged to project a human image directly towards a semitransparent screen for receiving the human image projected by the image source and generating and directing a partially reflected human image toward an audience, the partially reflected human image being perceived by the audience as a virtual human image or hologram on a stage; wherein the human image projected by the image source is filmed using a filming studio including a black, blue, or green back screen positioned behind a subject area in which the subject moves or is positioned during filming, and a lighting arrangement having one of more first lights for illuminating a front of the subject when viewed from a camera used to film the subject, wherein the first lights are angled such that the majority of light emitted by the first lights is not reflected by the back screen back to the subject, and one or more second lights for illuminating the rear and/or side of the subject, the total intensity of the one or more second lights being greater than the total intensity of the one or more first lights as measured at the subject at all points within the subject area, and one or more third lights for illuminating the feet of the subject, wherein a total brightness of the one or more first lights, as measured at the subject, is less than or approximately the same as a total brightness of the one or more second lights such that edges of the subject appear disproportionally brighter. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) A system according to claim 18, wherein the image source projects directly towards the semitransparent screen from above the stage or below the stage. ### Claim 20 A real time streaming telepresence system, comprising: a semi-transparent screen configured with a reflective front or rear projection screen and amplified light source to display video of human images from the amplified light source; wherein the human image generated by the amplified light source is filmed using a filming studio including a black, blue, or green back screen under an LED lighting arrangement having one of more first lights for illuminating a front of the subject, wherein the first lights are angled such that the majority of light emitted by the first lights is not reflected by the back screen back to the subject, and one or more second lights for illuminating the rear and/or side of the subject, and one or more third lights for illuminating the feet of the subject, wherein a total brightness of the one or more first lights, as measured at the subject, is less than or approximately the same as a total brightness of the one or more second lights such that edges of the subject appear disproportionally brighter.